Parametric four-wave mixing of frequency components in a crystalline Raman laser allowed generation of a collimated beam of not only Stokes, but also anti-Stokes components of the Raman radiation. Recently, to widen the angular tolerance of four-wave mixing and to obtain high conversion efficiency into the anti-Stokes wave, we have developed new schemes of the parametric Raman anti-Stokes lasers at 503 nm and 954 nm with tangentially phase-matched collinear beam interaction of orthogonally-polarized Raman components in a CaCO3 crystal under 532 nm and 1064 nm laser pumping. Now we use not only the CaCO3 crystal, but also other Raman-active crystals with different birefringence for the tangentially phase-matched parametric Raman laser under green (532 nm) pumping. We have theoretically and experimentally studied characteristics of tangential phase matching of Stokes <–< anti-Stokes interaction for different negative and positive uniaxial crystals with high and low birefringence. We have developed and experimentally realized the extracavity parametric Raman anti-Stokes lasers based not only on highly-birefringent uniaxial negative CaCO3 (1086 cm–1, 503 nm) and positive GdVO4 (882 cm–1, 508 nm) crystals, but also on a low-birefringent uniaxial positive SrWO4 crystal (921 cm–1, 507 nm). Cyan anti-Stokes radiation was generated from green (532 nm), 5-ns, 1-mJ pump radiation. While high-birefringent crystals require probe-pump technique of double beam excitation, the low-birefringent crystal parametric Raman laser can be developed in the simplest system of single beam excitation. The green-to-cyan anti-Stokes conversion efficiency higher 1% was achieved in all the laser schemes.
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