In practical engineering applications, the real-time monitoring of structural physical field is very important, which requires overall performance improvements on the Brillouin optical fiber sensing, including fast measurement, quick data demodulation and small amount of data storage. A novel Brillouin optical time-domain analysis (BOTDA) scheme has been proposed based on compressed sensing and pattern recognition algorithms, which paves the way for the real time Brillouin optical fiber sensing. In order to test the sensing performance, the Brillouin gain spectrum is measured by the traditional fast BOTDA, where the frequency step and span are 4 MHz and 500 MHz, respectively. By employing the proposed algorithms, the strain information is directly obtained with only 35% of the full data, verifying the feasibility of real-time measurements.
Two types of fast Brillouin optical time-domain reflectometry (BOTDR) for dynamic strain measurements have been proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on the frequency-agile technology. Using the frequency-agile modulated reference wave, the spontaneous Brillouin gain spectrum (BGS) is fast scanned in the frequency domain. Then, the spontaneous BGS can be reconstructed in the time domain by employing the band-pass filter and envelope detection. The frequency-agile technology enables two fast frequency-modulation methods, optical frequency sweeping and optical chirp chain modulation. Based on these two methods, the proposed fast BOTDR allows for a distributed, one-end-access and dynamic strain measurements. Besides, the sensing performance is investigated with different experiment parameters. The dynamic strain with dozens of Hertz vibrating frequency is successfully measured for both fast BOTDR schemes, which shows the proposed fast BOTDR a bright prospect.
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