A key technology of multi-camera visual measurement system is global calibration. The global calibration methods existed either has disadvantages such as high cost and complicated operation, or has limited application areas only for visual system based on stereo vision. A convenient global calibration method for multi-camera system based on two planar targets is proposed in this paper, and the pose relation between the two targets can be unknown. This method is not only suitable for system based on stereo vision, but also for system based on monocular vision. It has been used in the factory-calibration of four-wheel aligner consisted of 2 or 4 cameras, and calibration precision meet the requirement.
A model was built for four-wheel alignment on a vehicle based on computer vision. Such parameters as toe-in angle, camber angle, kingpin inclination and kingpin caster were accurately defined and calculation formulas were formulated for the parameters, especially the calculation methods for vector N and vector E. A kind of new 3D four-wheel aligner vas developed. Simulation results and actual measurements indicated that the model and solution method were feasible and effective.
KEYWORDS: Cameras, Calibration, 3D metrology, Error analysis, Imaging systems, 3D acquisition, 3D image processing, Distortion, 3D modeling, Visual process modeling
Positioning parameters of four-wheel have significant effects on maneuverabilities, securities and energy saving abilities of automobiles. Aiming at this issue, the error factors of 3D four-wheel aligner, which exist in extracting image feature points, calibrating internal and exeternal parameters of cameras, calculating positional parameters and measuring target pose, are analyzed respectively based on the elaborations of structure and measurement principle of 3D four-wheel aligner, as well as toe-in and camber of four-wheel, kingpin inclination and caster, and other major positional parameters. After that, some technical solutions are proposed for reducing the above error factors, and on this basis, a new type of aligner is developed and marketed, it’s highly estimated among customers because the technical indicators meet requirements well.
Surface of a precision rotor, a typical helical surface with complicated 3-D shape, is hard to measure with CMM accurately due to the difficulties of spiral scan and probe compensation. Aiming at this problem, an apparatus, avoiding probe compensation directly by means of non-contact measuring, is designed and developed based on laser triangulation, and the corresponding method for measuring parameter lead and transverse section profile is proposed based on geometric feature model expressing the surface of precision rotor. After apparatus is calibrated with a standard plane and ring gauge, experiments are carried out to scan spiral line and measure transverse section profile respectively, and results of lead error detection and profile error evaluation satisfactorily match the theoretical values provided by manufacturer.
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