There is a correlation of interannual variations in the values of natural potentials and the magnetic field with values of correlation coefficients of the order of 0.8 during magnetic storms. Potential variations on the line in the dry area correlate with variations in the area containing gauze, but are less than about 10 times in magnitude. Measurements of variations in natural potentials during magnetic storms at the moments of maximum thawing of the seasonally thawed layer and maximum freezing of the entire soil were carried out. Interannual variations in natural potentials observed during complete freezing of the upper thawed soil layer are also in line with magnetic changes.
The diurnal, seasonal and interannual variations of natural potentials at two sites in the permafrost zone at the SHICRA SB RAS test site near Yakutsk from autumn 2017 to spring 2022 in the absence of geomagnetic disturbances and variations in natural potentials during geomagnetic disturbances with maximum thawing of the upper soil layer (September) and with complete freezing (end of January) are considered. Potential variations on the line in the dry area correlate with variations in the swampy area, but are less than about 10 times in magnitude. Measurements of variations in natural potentials during geomagnetic storms carried out at the moments of maximum thawing of the seasonally thawed layer on 07-08 September 2017, and maximum freezing of the entire soil on 25-26 January 2021. Potential variations on the line in the dry section correlate with variations in the swampy area in the presence during a geomagnetic substorm on 2 April 2021, but are less in magnitude by about 10 times. With complete freezing of the soil, a steeper dependence of the potential difference magnitude E(N-S) (mV/100m) on a value of the geomagnetic field (rel. unit of ADU-07e) during pulsations is observed than with maximum thawing of the upper part of the soil.
The diurnal, seasonal and interannual variations of natural potentials at two sites in the permafrost zone are considered, one of which includes a swamp, and the second is located on a “dry” site. The analysis of the parameters of electrical potentials in the permafrost zone, at the SHICRA SB RAS test site near the city of Yakutsk, far from industrial interference from autumn 2017 to spring 2021, is given seasonal fluctuations of electrical potentials in swampy and dry areas. Variations in natural electric potentials during the annual season from 10.2017 to 05.2021 in the area with a swamp amounted to a significant value of ~ 120 mV / 100m. In the absence of heterogeneity, the maximum variation is also observed in spring during the melting of the snow cover due to the sharp wetting of the upper soil layer, and is less than 40 mV / 100m. The transition from summer values to winter values for natural potentials occurs in November. The reverse transition from winter to summer conditions, according to our observations, took place from the third decade of April during May. These spring-autumn transitions are due to freezing of the upper soil layer, which thaws in summer conditions, and the corresponding changes in the electrical properties of the soil. The dependence of the value of natural potentials on the amount of precipitation is observed, which increases the soil moisture and its conductivity.
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