Monitoring of person microcirculatory bed state is one of the important problems of modern medical diagnostics. Due to the fact that many diseases cause changes of microcirculatory blood flow velocity, and timely diagnosis of these diseases prevents the development of pathologies. Currently, there are many methods for assessing of the capillary bed state. However, the most effective diagnostic methods for determining the main parameters of microcirculation include the method of dynamic light scattering. In this paper the speckle correlation sensor of microcirculatory blood flow velocity registration is considered. Using this setup, monitoring of blood flow velocity of a group of people under various conditions were studied. The results of these studies are presented. The measurement results showed that the installation is sensitive to external factors and allows you to record rapid changes in the speed of capillary blood flow. Also, the rate of blood flow in patients varies, depending on the state of their microvasculature, this fact will allow doctors to monitor the state of the human capillary system.
In modern medicine methods for studying structural properties of biological fluids are very demanded. However, existing methods for blood and other biofluids analysis do not allow mass studies and dynamics considerations. In this case, medicine can use a number of optical methods, which usually are able to perform express and simpler types of measurements. Our previous studies have shown that methods based on light scattering, such as laser correlation spectroscopy, are useful for structural analysis of biological fluids, in particular blood serum and saliva. In this work, we discuss an original hardware-software complex based on laser correlation spectroscopic technique. We present an original setup and algorithm of data analysis to study compounds of biofluids. The testing of the hardware-software complex have shown high sensitivity and accuracy. The further applications in medicine are also discussed in this work.
Today, the number of diseases related to the immunity of the human body is increasing. Diagnosis of such diseases is of paramount importance in medical practice. It is possible to diagnose diseases of human immunity by analyzing human biological fluids. In this paper, we consider the method of laser correlation spectroscopy and optical microscopy for the study of the self-organized blood serum films for medical diagnostics purposes. Experimental results shown that, the addition of the toxoid in the blood serum changes the structure of the film and dynamics of agglomerating and the size of the agglomeration. Thus, in this work, we have shown that employing the methods of laser correlation spectroscopy and optical microscopy of dehydrated films of biological fluids, it is possible to analyze the state of human immunity.
Mixed saliva is a unique biological liquid that has a great opportunity for use in fundamental research and in the early diagnosis, prognostication, and monitoring of post therapy status. The study of biochemical composition of mixed saliva and its properties in normal samples and samples from donors with various diseases may reveal some important characteristics for noninvasive diagnostics. In biomedical practice mixed saliva is investigated by various biochemical, chromatographic and optical methods. Optical methods are mostly used due to their high sensitivity, speed, noninvasiveness, low cost, etc. In our study samples of mixed saliva from a healthy patients were studied by electrophoretic light scattering technique. During the measurements protein particles in saliva migrate to the opposite charge electrode and start to separate into its constituent components due to differences in their electrophoretic mobility. Experimental results of determination of electrophoretic mobility of mixed saliva from healthy donors and its interpretation are considered.
Colloidal systems are used in different fields of science and industry. At present, colloidal systems and their properties are being actively studied. The stability of colloidal systems is the main characteristic. For example, stability is hindered by aggregation and sedimentation phenomena, which are driven by the colloid's tendency to reduce surface energy. The technique of electrophoretic light scattering allows us to measure zeta - potential of colloidal systems related to stability of systems. As compared with other methods (Doppler velocimetry, electrophoresis, optical microscopy, Raman spectroscopy), this technique has a short time for analyses, a small volume of the objects to be investigated and cheap equipment. Zeta-potential is used to characterize particle surface charge and to obtain information about their stability and surface interaction with other molecules. In this review, we focus on nanoparticle characterization. In our study, the new techniques for measurement of zeta-potential of colloidal system is realized on the basis of a total internal reflection prism where the free electrophoresis regime is set. The purpose of our work is to compare two types of sample cells and different techniques of measuring electrophoretic mobility and zeta-potential of colloidal systems. The silicon oxide spheres suspended in deionized water with a concentration of 25% and a diameter of 320 nm were used as a test sample. The results obtained in our study demonstrated the applicability of the method for the investigation of liquid solutions, including biological fluids, and a higher sensitivity as compared with standard measurements techniques in bulk measurements.
At present, saliva and its properties are being actively studied. Human saliva is a unique biological material that has potential in clinical practice. A detailed analysis of the characteristics and properties of saliva is relevant for diagnostic purposes. In this paper, the properties and characteristics of saliva are studied using optoelectronic methods: dynamic light scattering, electrophoretic light scattering and optical microscopy. Mixed saliva from a healthy patient and patient with diabetes mellitus type 2 was used as an object of the study. The dynamics of the behavior of a healthy and patient with diabetes mellitus type 2 is visible according to the results obtained. All three methods confirm hypothesis of structural changes in mixed saliva in the disease of diabetes mellitus type 2.
Investigation of fullerenol solutions with metal salts (magnesium sulfate and calcium chloride) by the laser correlation spectroscopy is presented. The results of the experimental study are discussed. Some peculiarities of interaction between fullerenol and different metal salts were observed. The results of the experiments revealed that fullerenol can be the chelate ligand that may be useful for medical applications.
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