The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether contrast-enhanced C-arm CT (3D rotational angiography) can
distinguish radiofrequency (RF) ablation lesions created in the left ventricle. Ablation lesions were created on the
endocardial surface of the left ventricle of 6 swine using a 7 F RF ablation catheter with a 4 mm electrode. An ECGgated
C-arm CT imaging protocol was used to acquire projection images during iodine contrast injection and every 5
min for up to 30 min, with no additional contrast. Reconstructed images were analyzed offline and the mean and
standard deviation of the signal intensity of the ablation lesion, normal myocardium, and blood were measured. Eleven
ablation lesions were visualized and the time-attenuation curve of the signal intensity was plotted. A mean signal
intensity increase of 64.8 ±33.6 HU was measured in the late enhancement of seven lesions compared to normal
myocardium. This is the first study to demonstrate RF ablation lesion enhancement patterns similar to those seen for MR
imaging using C-arm CT, an imaging modality that can provide valuable feedback during cardiac interventional
procedures.
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