The laser frequency stabilization is crucial to the measurement accuracy of wind speed in a Doppler wind lidar. In this thesis, a molecular iodine absorption cell was used to conduct the laser frequency stabilization. Before adding a frequency stabilization system, the seed injection Nd: YAG laser frequency was changed about 1.5GHz within 4h; after adding the frequency stabilization system, the maximum excursion of the frequency was less than 40MHz within 2.5h. Generally speaking, most of the frequency points were controlled within ±20MHz. The standard deviation was 9.54MHz. Such a way greatly improved laser frequency stability.
Wind is one of the most significant parameter in weather forecast and the research of climate.It is essential for the weather forecast seasonally to yearly ,atmospheric dynamics,study of thermodynamics and go into the water, chemistry and aerosol which are have to do with global climate statusto measure three-dimensional troposphericwind field accurately.Structure of the doppler wind lidar system which based on Fabry-Perot etalon is introduced detailedly. In this section,the key parameters of the triple Fabry-Perot etalon are optimized and this is the key point.The results of optimizing etalon are as follows:the FSR is 8GHz,the FWHM is1GHz,3.48 GHz is the separation distance between two edge channels,and the separation distance between locking channel and the left edge channel is 1.16 GHz. In this condition,the sensitivity of wind velocity of Mie scattering and Rayleigh scattering is both 0.70%/(m/s) when the temperature is 255K in the height of 5Km and there is no wind. The simulation to this system states that in±50m/s radial wind speed range, the wind speed bias induced by Mie signal is less than 0.15m/s from 5 to 50km altitude.
Fabry-Perot(F-P) etalon has important applications in laser detection, lidar and laser communication systems. In practical applications, the spectrum of the F-P etalon is affected by various factors, such as incident angle, divergence angle, spectral width, intensity distribution of the incident beam, absorption loss, surface defects of the plate and so on. The effects of the incident angle and the beam intensity distribution on F-P etalon spectrum are mainly analyzed. For the first time, taking into account both the beam incident angle and divergence angle, the precise analytical expression of the F-P etalon transmission spectrum is derived. For the Gaussian light intensity distribution, the precise analytical expression of the F-P etalon transmission spectrum is derived. The simulation analysis is carried out and the results are as follows. When the beam divergence angle is not zero, the incident angle increases, on the one hand, the center of the etalon spectrum is moved to the high frequency, and the frequency shift is linear with the square of the incident angle. The slope decreases with the increase of the divergence angle. On the other hand, resulting in peak reduction, spectral line broadening, and with the divergence angle increases, the more obvious the phenomenon. Considering the distribution of Gaussian light intensity, the spectrum of the etalon will be improved with the increase concentration of beam energy. On the one hand, the peak value is increased, the spectral line is narrowed and with the incidence angle increases, the degree of improvement is more obvious. On the one hand, the center of the spectrum moves toward the low frequency, but the larger the incident angle, the smaller the movement amount. The error of frequency discrimination or frequency locking by using the F-P etalon spectrum increases rapidly with the increase of the beam incident angle and beam divergence angle, and the Gaussian light intensity distribution beam can effectively reduce the measurement error.
A mobile molecular Doppler lidar at an eye-safe 355nm wavelength based on double-edge technique for wind
measurement from 10 km to 40 km altitude is being built in Hefei, China. As the key component of the Doppler lidar, the
receiver subsystem is designed elaborately. A triple Fabry-Perot etalon is used as the frequency discriminator whose
parameters are optimized. The thermal and mechanics stabilities are considered during the receiver design. The designed
receiver system is very compact and stable, which could be embedded into a standard 19 inch socket bench with 21 inch
length. With this new kind of receiver, the optical alignment is easy and the stability of the etalon transmittance, which is
of great importance to the wind measurement, is expected to be improved.
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