We report on the feasibility of MIL-101(Cr) (MIL: Materials of Institute Lavoisier) and MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 as novel saturable absorbers for the development of passively Q-switched nanosecond mid-infrared fiber laser systems. The MIL101(Cr) and MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 are prepared using hydrothermal synthesis method and their modulation depths are measured to be 24.09% and 22.83%, respectively. We employ them separately as SAs to achieve passively Q-switched fiber lasers operating at 2.8 μm, for the first time, to the best of our knowledge. Stable Q-switched pulse operation is realized with the shortest pulse duration of 0.75 μs at a repetition rate of 162.58 kHz when using MIL-101(Cr) as a SA. It generates the maximum average output power of 524.4 mW, pulse energy of 2.72 μJ and peak power of 3.43 W at the launched pump power of 3.64 W. In addition, we replace the MIL-101(Cr) with MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 and nanosecond pulses with a pulse duration of 0.79 μs and average output power of 479.5 mW are obtained. The corresponding pulse energy and peak power are 2.27 μJ and 2.87 W, respectively. Our results show that the MIL-101(Cr) and MIL-101(Cr)- NH2 are promising stable SAs for nanosecond laser pulses generation at 3 μm.
We report Q-switched Er3+ -doped ZBLAN fiber lasers operating at 2.8 μm based on MIL-68(Al) (MIL: Materials of Institute Lavoisier), for the first time. The nonlinear absorption of MIL-68(Al) was characterized by using a homemade nonlinear absorption measurement system. The modulation depth, non-saturable loss, and saturation peak intensity are determined to be 24.43 %, 58.63%, and 0.0335 GW/cm2, respectively. A piece of 6 mol.% multimode Er3+ -doped ZBLAN fiber was used as the gain medium. The maximum average output power as high as 1.18 W was reached with the shortest pulse duration as short as 546 ns at a repetition rate of 106.71 kHz. The corresponding pulse energy and peak power were 11.03 μJ and 20.19 W, respectively. Then, we replaced the gain fiber with a 7 mol.% single-mode Er3+ -doped ZBLAN fiber and achieved nanosecond pulses with a pulse duration of 846 ns and average output power of 0.734 W. The corresponding pulse energy and peak power were 3.68 μJ and 4.25 W, respectively. Our work shows that the MIL-68(Al) is a promising stable SA for mid-infrared high-power nanosecond laser pulses generation.
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