We present a model for laser-spot lock-in thermography that takes into account heat conduction between the sample and the air. We show that the effect of the coupling is only significant in low diffusivity materials. In this case, the dependence of the surface temperature distribution with both the conductivity and the diffusivity of the material provides a method to measure both properties simultaneously. We present experiments performed on several materials confirming that it is possible to determine both the thermal conductivity and diffusivity of thermal insulators with good precision and accuracy by laser-spot lock-in thermography.
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