This paper proposes a low-power, wide demodulation range solution for Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) based on voltage and current dual-wavelength tuning of VCSEL lasers. The paper first explains the principle of the demodulation system and then discusses the impact of driving voltage, current, and temperature on the emission wavelength of the laser. By investigating the wavelength scanning overlap range of the laser at different temperatures, the wavelength range of the FBG sensor is determined to be 4.5nm. The experimental results show that the demodulation system exhibits good wavelength repeatability, with the wavelength repeatability of all three channels within ±3pm. Furthermore, the overall power consumption of the system is only around 189mW, indicating that the demodulation system possesses the low power consumption characteristic and can be powered by portable power sources.
This paper discusses the research progress of low-power technology of laser methane sensors for coal mine. On the basis of environment of coal mines, such as ultra-long-distance transmission and high stability, a series of studies have been carried out. The preliminary results have been achieved in the research of low power consumption, temperature and pressure compensation and reliability design. The technology is applied to various products in coal mines, and achieves high stability and high reliability in products such as laser methane sensor, laser methane detection alarm device, wireless laser methane detection alarm device, and optic fiber multichannel laser methane sensor. Experimental testing and analysis of the characteristics of laser methane sensors, combined with the actual application.
Laser methane sensor has been widely promoted and successfully applied in coal mines as a new and effective technology building on the approach of laser-based absorption detection. Compared with the traditional catalytic methane sensor, the laser methane sensor discussed offers the important advantages of a long calibration period, high detection precision, the absence of ‘zero drift and low power consumption, all of which are significant advantages for use in coal mining applications. By compensating for the temperature and pressure of the gases present, the accuracy of the methane sensor is evident across a wide range of temperatures and pressures, making it suitable for gas detection, including methane, in pipelines as well. The wireless laser approach which is incorporated into the methane sensor allows wireless transmission and data uploading to a cloud server through NB-IoT. This tackles the problem in gas pipeline monitoring of the length of many pipelines and thus the wide distribution of the sensors, avoiding complicated wiring and thus high associated cost. Further, remote data management can then be achieved, all of which greatly improves the flexibility and security of the management of the pipeline and the data generated.
At present, the portable carrier catalytic methane detection and alarm instrument for coal mine generally has many problems, such as high power consumption, short standby time, low detection accuracy, few parameters and single function, which can not meet the rapid development needs of mine safety. In this paper, a low power portable laser methane detection and alarm instrument based on tunable laser absorption spectroscopy (TDLAS) is designed. The instrument can detect methane concentration, ambient temperature and ambient pressure at the same time. It has the functions of sound and light alarm, historical data storage and query, and integrates Wi-Fi to realize data wireless transmission. The instrument can work continuously for 36 hours, and the response time is less than 15 seconds. It has the function of self-diagnosis. The overall performance of the instrument has been greatly improved compared with the traditional mine methane portable instrument. A mobile methane alarm Internet of things(IOT) system for coal mine based on portable instrument has been developed, which realizes real-time upload of data and cloud analysis, makes the traditional mine gas monitoring and control system powerfully supplemented, greatly improves the detection level of coal mine gas, and has broad application prospects.
Laser methane gas sensors have been increasingly accepted in coal mine safety monitoring. Most laser spectroscopic methane gas sensors are based in BFB lasers at around 1650nm. However, they suffer from high power consumption and high cost due to temperature control is required for laser diode operation at constant temperature. VCSEL lasers have offered low operation current and low power consumption when operating at non-TEC mode. However, it is found that the interference noise is critical for laser methane detection. This paper report typical results of the laser diode ripple characterization method and methods of noise reduction methods are discussed.
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