A phase demodulation algorithm based on the fast Fourier transform (FFT) extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI) is proposed in this paper. The EFPI is usually of low reflectivity at the fiber end face, and the optical model is simplified as two-beam interference. For fiber optic sensors, the signal information is mainly concentrated in a few spatial frequencies. The proposed phase demodulation method uses a variable step-size fast Fourier transform (VFFT) to accurately extract phase changes. The FFT demodulation algorithm uses data from the entire interference spectrum to calculate the phase at intrinsic spatial frequencies. The VFFT phase demodulation algorithm considers the problem of nonperiodic sampling under different initial cavity length conditions. The signal demodulation performance is simulated and analyzed to verify the reliability of the proposed demodulation algorithm. The results show that the demodulation precision of the VFFT is higher, and the adaptability to the same cavity length and reflectivity is better than that of the FFT. From the perspective of engineering practice, the demodulation algorithm has more stable performance and provides more technical support for the realization of ocean detection.
This paper proposed a fast dynamic cavity length demodulation technique for signal demodulation of optical fiber Extrinsic Fabry-Perot Interferometer (EFPI) sensors. The proposed technique averages the five-step phase shift demodulation phase signals at multiple wavelengths to reduce noise and enhance signal demodulation stability. The reflected spectrum is obtained using white light interferometry (WLI) technology, and Ns sets of five-step phase shift signals are extracted from the reflected spectrum. The Ns sets of five-step phase shift signals are individually processed and their corresponding demodulated phase signals are averaged using FPGA, resulting in a dynamically demodulated cavity length signal. A corresponding testing system is established to analyze the noise characteristics of the demodulation technique. Experimental results demonstrate that compared to the traditional single-wavelength five-step phase shifting demodulation technique, the proposed demodulation technique effectively reduces noise, and improves noise stability. The demodulation scheme presented in this paper enables low-noise and high-precision signal demodulation in the weak signal detection field of EFPI sensors and holds significant value for the signal demodulation of EFPI sensor arrays.
With the advancements in fiber-optic sensing systems, traditional long-arm fiber-optic interferometric acoustic sensors are unable to meet the requirements of miniaturization due to the sensor's volume. However, Microelectromechanical Systems (MEMS) boast numerous advantages, including small size, low cost, high reliability, and mass production. By combining MEMS technology with fiber-optic sensors, it is feasible to achieve the miniaturization of Fiber-Optic Hydrophones (FOH). This paper proposes and experimentally demonstrates a miniaturized MEMS FOH based on the extrinsic Fabry-Perot interferometer (EFPI) sensor. It has been demonstrated that this miniatured EFPI sensor is endowed with high sensitivity in the low-frequency range. By filling the EFPI cavity with liquid, the MEMS FOH sensor can withstand ultra-high hydrostatic pressures and theoretically it can be operated in infinite-depth waters. The acoustic pressure to be detected is interrogated using a phase-shift demodulation based on a five-step phase shift method, which includes spectral envelope elimination, ellipse fitting, and phase shift signal extraction. Simulation analysis and experimental results indicate that the sensor has a good linear relationship between sound pressure and interferometric phase, with an underwater sensitivity of up to -160 dB re rad / μPa and the ability to operate at a working pressure of up to 66 MPa, corresponding to a water depth of 6000 m. With the aforementioned properties, the MEMS FOH has a wide range of applications, including high-performance sonar buoys, earthquake detection, underwater unmanned detection platforms, and other fields.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.