We demonstrate high-speed (0.25Gbps) data encryption over 50km of
telecom fiber using coherent states of light. For the parameter
values used in the experiment, the demonstration is secure against
individual ciphertext-only eavesdropping attacks near the
transmitter with ideal detection equipment. While other quantum
cryptographic schemes require the use of fragile quantum states
and ultra-sensitive detection equipment, our protocol is loss
tolerant, uses off-the-shelf components, and is optically
amplifiable.
In this paper, we present a proof-of-concept experimental demonstration of the secret key quantum cryptographic scheme. A tabletop communication link was set up in the free-space channel using ordinary lasers as transmitters, which emit coherent states of light, and quantum-limited direct detection was employed in the receivers. In the secret key scheme, one needs a supply of M possible quantum states that are uniformly distributed over some random variable. In the free-space case, we used polarization angle as the variable determining the state. In the proof-of-concept emonstration, we aimed towards sending data messages encrypted with a short secret key from the transmitter to the receiver. The messages could be successfully deciphered by the receiver by its knowledge of the secret key. However, when the secret key was taken away, in order to mimic an eavesdropper, the messages could not be deciphered.
We propose a multi-mode theory to demonstrate the Zeno effect--inhibition of transitions via frequent measurements- -in the context of parametric down-conversion.
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