Dr. Hannes Orelma Profile

Dr. Hannes Orelma

at VTT Technical Research Ctr of Finland Ltd

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Publications (2)

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Proceedings Article | 13 March 2024 Presentation + Paper

Cellulose optical fiber for human health monitoring

Ari Hokkanen, Markku Kapulainen, Aayush Kumar Jaiswal, Anniina Savolainen, Sourov Chandra, Minna Makki, Olli Ikkala, Hannes Orelma

Proceedings Volume 12835, 128350O (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3002236

KEYWORDS: Cellulose, Signal attenuation, Sensors, Optical fibers, Optical sensing

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Cellulose, as a fully renewable, biodegradable, and biocompatible material, creates new possibilities for optical fiber (OF) sensor applications. Cellulose OFs are highly hygroscopic, exhibiting rapid wetting and drying properties with water and moisture, easily functionalized, and can be either made water-resistant or water-soluble. These fibers are not aimed towards replacing the existing glass or polymer OFs in telecommunication or in current sensing applications, rather cellulose OF sensors can open new application areas where the reactive materials are required. For example, compared to glass or polymer OFs, cellulose OFs are porous and allow liquid transport in and out of the fiber. Moreover, the cellulose waveguide material itself can be chemically functionalized. Such cellulose OFs fit well with human health monitoring where the new possibilities that cellulose offers can be utilized. Here we demonstrate a face mask that contains regenerated cellulose (RC) OF with a 1.8 dB/cm attenuation constant for respiratory rate monitoring. RC is a class of man-made cellulose materials that includes commonly materials like rayon textiles and cellophane films. The cellulose fiber inside the face mask rapidly absorbs moist and dries between each breath, which causes a periodic change in optical power transmitted through the fiber. A face mask does not prevent fast drying of the fiber. Such RC fiber fits well to respiratory rate monitoring because it exhibits good mechanical performance in both dry and wet states. Cellulose OF length was about 5 cm long with a loop-type sensor structure. Measured respiratory rates varied between 16-54 breaths per minute.

Proceedings Article | 2 March 2022 Presentation + Paper

Cellulose optical fiber for sensing applications

Ari Hokkanen, Markku Kapulainen, Aayush Kumar Jaiswal, Ville Hynninen, Nonappa Nonappa, Olli Ikkala, Hannes Orelma

Proceedings Volume 11953, 1195302 (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2609344

KEYWORDS: Optical fibers, Humidity, Sensors

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Cellulose materials offer new biodegradable alternatives for fabricating optical fibers for sensing applications. Unlike glass and polymer optical fibers, these environmentally friendly materials have intrinsic properties making them attractive candidates for functional optical fibers. Cellulose fibers are hygroscopic and thus can rapidly take water vapors from the surroundings and dry quickly. Cellulose-based optical fibers can be manufactured from regenerated cellulose or cellulose derivatives which offer a large property space. They can be resistant or soluble in water, and the refracting index of the material can be tuned as needed. In this work, feasibility for sensor applications of three different cellulose optical fibers have been tested: regenerated cellulose for water and humidity sensing, carboxymethyl cellulose for respiratory rate monitoring, and methylcellulose for short-range 150 Mbit/s signal transmission at 1310 nm. Therefore, fast signal transmission can be achieved with short cellulose-based sensor fibers. The work shows the scientific and technical potential of a novel optical material for photonics.

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