With the rapid development of national defense, aerospace and other fields, the demand for high precision and high quality photoelectric products is increasing day by day, and these photoelectric products are gradually developing toward miniaturization. If the optical elements use a free-form, the imaging quality of the optical imaging system can be greatly improved, and the illumination uniformity of the optical illumination system and the transmission efficiency of the information transmission system can also be remarkably improved. With free-form optics becoming the leading representative technology of advanced optical engineering, optical metrology technologies for free-form optics has become the hotspot research of current science-technology development. In this paper, the development of optical metrology technologies, the present situation and the advantages and disadvantages of various metrology technologies are described in detail, which will be of guiding significance for future research on optical metrology technologies for free-form optics.
With the continuous development of space optical technology, the aperture of optical system is becoming larger and larger, and the aperture of optical elements is required to be larger. When the traditional optical inspection means are used to detect optical elements such as large aperture optical plane, large aperture convex spherical surface and convex aspheric surface, optical reference mirror or optical auxiliary element with larger aperture than the detection element is usually needed, such as compensator and computer generated hologram (CGH) etc. However, these large-diameter optical reference mirrors and auxiliary components are not only difficult to process, but also have long processing cycle and high production cost. At the same time, some processing errors and assembly errors will be introduced. In order to solve these difficulties, this paper will introduce a modified phase retrieval (PR), which is phase-diversity phase retrieval (PDPR) algorithm can improve the PR accuracy of the unknown image, but also can provide a strong basis for the online testing of the future larger aperture astronomical telescope optical system and solve the difficulties in the detection of optical systems in space optical telescopes. Therefore, this study has important practical significance and application value in the online testing of the space optical telescope optical system.
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