We detected the serum of patient's and normal using auto-fluorescence and Raman spectroscopy. The serum spectrum was excited by laser of the wavelength 488.0 nm and 514.5 nm. Compared with the normal serum, we can observe the apparent differences of autofluorescence-Raman spectroscopy: the majority of the fluorescence spectrum did not have violent alteration, but three Raman peak had disappeared or very weak. After operation, the Raman spectrum of patient's serum is similar to the normal. And fluorescence peak's red shift, α-value also provide the reference for future research. We assume that following the progression of the tumor, β-value will decrease following the aggravation of cancer. The result of spectrum analysis is accordance with the clinical diagnosis.
Based on thousands cases, the discrimination in auto fluorescence Raman spectra between serum of normal human and cancer patients are found. The criteria for diagnosing cancer are also obtained after statistical analysis over experiment results. The accuracy of serum spectrum detecting results of esophageal cancer human is 82.7%. In addition, we find the resonate Raman frequency of guanine base in DNA sample depending on ultraviolet resonate Raman spectrum. The
resonant Raman shifts of guanine base in DNA sample are 1337cm-1 and 1485cm-1 . And the resonant wave-length is
250nm.
Laser-induced fluorescence and Raman spectra were measured from normal and tumorous human blood serum in an attempt to discover some values useful in discrimination between normal and tumorous cases. Red shift of fluorescence peak and decrease of fluorescence intensity were observed after samples radiated by laser. According to one thousand twenty-two samples’ spectra, three parameters α, β and Δλ are introduced to distinguish normal, benign and malignant from one another. The application of such parameters in clinical diagnosis was researched. The practical instrument of laser-induced serum fluorescence and resonance Raman spectra for cancer diagnosis or incipient cancer is designed,
by combining laser spectroscopy, biomedical, photo-electron technology, controlling technology and computer technology. The instrument is intelligent for operating and diagnosing. The clinic application of this instrument has been carried out successfully in the diagnosing of some cancer (such as stomach cancer, liver cancer, etc); the accuracy is about 85%. It develops a new technology in the field of cancer diagnosis.
To investigate the spectral specialities of digestive cancer serum for diagnosis, fluorescence and Raman spectra of normal, digestive cancer (both before and after operation), such as stomach cancer, esophagus cancer and atrophic gastritis sera were measured in the visible region in this study. Results demonstrate several points. First, all spectra except esophagus cancer were characterized by three sharp peaks (A, B and C), but we cannot differentiate them from each other at once. The intensity of each peak was different in different spectrum. Second, after samples were radiated by laser, fluorescence weakend along with red shift of its band center, and spectral changes of normal and stomach cancer (after operation) cases were different from other samples. It was also observed that spectral changes of atrophic gastritis were very similar with stomach cancer (such as the red shift of fluorescence peak is more than 12 nm) after radiated by laser, however, there are still some distinctions that can be used to differentiate them from each other. At last, a notable difference is that the relative intensity of peak C excited by 488.0 nm is higher than excited by 514.5 nm in spectrum of stomach cancer, whereas lower in other cases.
Spectral changes of lung cancer serum in the process of tumor evolution were investigated in this study. We kept close watch on the tumor progression of a group of patients, and measured their serum spectra using 488.0nm and 514.5nm excitation of an Ar-ion laser once a week. There was no apparent change observed in fluorescence spectrum in different period. However, the relative intensity of three Raman peaks (mode A, B and C) decreased every week later. For quantitative analysis of such changes, a parameter Ir (relative intensity of C Raman peak) was introduced and Ir-value was calculated. Calculation showed that Ir-value was degressive with tumor evolution, but (beta) (Ir5145 /Ir4880) varied irregularly. To the end, no Raman peak was observed. We assumed that three Raman peaks were derived from beta carotene. It indicated that the content of beta carotene decreased with the aggravation of lung cancer.
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