The long-term (1997-2020) comprehensive investigations at the EANET surface water monitoring station Pereemnaya River allowed defining changes of chemical composition of snow and river water on the southeast coast of Lake Baikal. We demonstrated that deicing salts, highway and railway transport as well as the transfer of gaseous contaminants from the Irkutsk-Cheremkhovo industrial zone are the main sources of pollution of the snow cover after the shutdown of the Baikalsk Paper and Pulp Mill. The impact of these sources changed the composition of major ions and reduced the equivalent concentration ratio of major cations and anions as well as pH value of snow water. The multiyear input of acid precipitation to the Pereemnaya River resulted in its acidification. Its water becomes little by little richer in minerals due to intensification of rock erosion under the impact of acid precipitation.
On the basis of the hydrochemical data available for the period of 1996-2019, the changes in the chemical composition of snowmelt and river waters on the southeast coast of Lake Baikal, that were under the long-term influence of industrial emission impact, are assessed. The study shows that the closure of the Baikalsk Pulp and Paper Mill in 2013 resulted in the decrease in the concentrations of metal cations in snow cover and in their neutralization capacity. Snow water pH value decreased, and the relative composition of major ions changed as well. In the catchment area of the Khara-Murin and Pereemnaya Rivers, hydrogen became the dominant cation during snowmelt. Further reduction of river water (especially low mineralized river water) resistance to acid components is registered.
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