A new technique which combines the advantages of darkfield microscopy with those of confocal microscopy has been developed. The Massively Parallel Confocal darkfield method implemented on a DMD-based confocal platform allows for detection of non-fluorescing particles with dimensions below the diffraction limit. The lateral resolution and depth discrimination of three dimensional objects are improved relative to conventional darkfield microscopy.
Current laser surgery on vocal chords requires the patient to be under general anaesthesia due to relatively low cutting speed and precision. Even minor surgeries can change vocal properties, requiring lengthy post-operative therapy. To solve this problem and reduce recovery time we propose a laryngoscope capable of performing the surgery while the patient is awake. To realize this, it is necessary for each cut to be made on the shortest time scale with the highest precision possible. It is also important to have high speed feedback to initiate or terminate the cutting process as well as to maintain the proper cutting position. In this laryngoscope we employ a coaxial MHz OCT and laser cutting system with a MEMS galvo scanner combined with a high speed stereo camera set. The MHz OCT is responsible for axial feedback and measuring the depth of cut while the stereo camera set is used to adjust the MEMS scanner for lateral offsets. We have determined the optimal optical layout for the laryngoscope using Zemax and have developed 3D CAD models of the prototype demonstrator prior to fabrication and assembly. This new laryngoscope could make laser cuts up to 50% smaller in width than traditional multimode fiber based cuts, in addition to reducing overall surgery time and increasing the precision of each cut.
Digital Micromirror Device based microscopy combines fast confocal 4D-microscopy along with conventional methods
for light microscopy and new technological approaches to a versatile tool for the observation of in vivo processes in
living biological cells and measurement of technical surfaces. Due to the use of variable size pinholes and adjustable
scan patterns conditions for confocal measurement can easily be optimized to the prerequisites of the sample "on the
fly".
By two-photon time-resolved confocal 4D-microscopy it is possible to image fluorescent objects at a high spatial and
temporal resolution. The usage of femtosecond-laser light creates a two photon effect and therefore reduces bleaching of
the fluorophore. With this technique 4D-visualization of dynamic processes in living cells is possible.
Cryogenic procedures are fundamental tools in modern biology, e.g. for conservation or purification of biological
materials. The processes occurring in biological cells and tissues during freezing and thawing are subject to ongoing
research. Optimization of cell survival rates demands the development and evaluation of exactly defined temperature
profiles. 4D-DMD-microscopy is capable of imaging these highly dynamic processes with high spatial and temporal
resolution, utilizing well established staining procedures for differentiating structures of interest.
Time resolved 3D-microscopy using DMD-arrays utilizes the principles of confocal microscopy. Application fitted
patterns optimize optical imaging of reflective, transparent, and fluorescent objects. High spatial resolution is achieved
simultaneously with high temporal resolution due to fast DMD control. This enables to visualize and track processes in
vivo within living biocells.
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