A spiking photonic reservoir computing system based on photonic spiking neuron is proposed in this paper. This system utilizes the high nonlinearity and excitation characteristics of selected photonic spiking neuron to perform nonlinear classification task. It has been proved that the proposed spiking reservoir can well perform nonlinear classification task. Furthermore, our research also study the effect of different input dimensions and output processing methods on the system. The system can still have good performance under a low input dimension. The results show that the proposed system has strong learning ability and can be used to implement more machine learning tasks.
Conventional silicon optical waveguide can be effectively coupled to plasmonic waveguide, but there is no structure of comparable coupling efficiency, wide optical bandwidth and polarization independence to convert light from silicon waveguide to metal-dielectric-metal (MDM) waveguide. In this paper, we investigate a novel mode converter based on the embedded coding metamaterials to effectively convert the TE/TM mode in a silicon waveguide to the SPPs mode. We use some optimization methods (genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, multi-traversal direct-binary search and simulated annealing) in the design of coding metamaterials to improve the performance metrics. In order to obtain better results, we change the value of different parameters under the control of a single variable to study its influence on the structure of the design. The simulation results have been demonstrated numerically that high transmission efficiency is up to 93% and the bandwidth can cover from 1450 nm to 1650 nm, the converter can perform polarization-invariant conversion as well. Compared with the previous researches, we not only propose a high-performance mode converter but also introduce an efficient algorithm for the inverse design of coding metamaterials.
Single and double plasmon induced absorption (PIA) effects have been numerically achieved in a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) waveguides end-coupled with resonators structure. Here, the structure composed of two MIM waveguides and three side-coupled rectangular resonators is proposed to generate double PIA effects. A multimode coupling mechanism derived from the coupled mode theory is established to describe the spectral features, which is greatly agree with the simulation results, may provide a guideline for designing and analyzing the integrated plasmonic devices based on the multiple PIA effects. What’s more, dynamical control of the amplitude and bandwidth of the multiple PIA effects can be achieved by means of filling poly (methy1 methacrylate) or Kerr material in the Fabry-Perot resonators. Compared with previous reports, the multiple PIA effects are analyzed theoretically in a plasmonic waveguides end-coupled with resonators structure, will have practical applications in plasmonic filters, modulators, sensors, switches and fast light in highly integrated plasmonic circuits.
A millimeter-wave optoelectronic oscillator employing self-regenerative frequency dividing and phase-locking techniques is proposed. The frequency division of millimeter-wave signal is achieved effectively via self-regenerative frequency divider breaking the frequency limitation of commercial frequency dividers. In virtue of the frequency conversion pair, the phase-locking technique is effectively utilized to stabilize the millimeter-wave optoelectronic oscillator by a commercial analog phase shifter in relative low frequency band. Finally, a 40-GHz millimeter-wave signal is generated with the single-sideband phase noise about -116 dBc/Hz at 10-kHz frequency offset. Besides, the frequency stability of the proposed millimeter-wave optoelectronic oscillator is greatly improved from 1.2×10-6 to 2.96×10-13 at 1024-s averaging time in a lab room without any thermal control.
A simple photonic approach for the multiband phase-coded microwave generation based on a dual-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator (DDMZM) is proposed. By injecting the 5-bit barker code sequence to the bias of DDMZM, the binary phase-coded microwave signal for multiband radar application is generated. A proof-of-concept experiment is performed. The generation of phase-coded signals tuning from 1 to 9 GHz with 1 to 20 Mbit/s coding rates is verified.
In this article, we propose a novel method using machine learning, especially for artificial neural networks (ANNs) to achieve variability analysis and performance optimization of the plasmonic refractive index sensor (RIS). A Fano resonance (FR) based RIS which consisted of two plasmonic waveguides end-coupled to each other by an asymmetrical square resonator is taken as an illustration to demonstrate the effectiveness of the ANNs. The results reveal that the ANNs can be used in fast and accurate variability analysis because the predicted transmission spectrums and transmittances generated by ANNs are approximate to the actual simulated results. In addition, the ANNs can effectively solve the performance optimization and inverse design problems for the RIS by predicting the structure parameters for RIS accurately. Obviously, our proposed method has potential applications in optical sensing, device design, optical interconnects and so on.
We report an optical vector network analysis (OVNA) based on optical suppressed carrier double-sideband (DSB) modulation and the Pound Drever Hall (PDH) technique. In this novel scheme, the optical carrier suppressed DSB modulation signal propagates through the high Q optical device, and then the double frequency of the driven radio frequency signal is detected, by which the frequency responses of the device can be accurately achieved. Comparing with the common DSB-based OVNA, by biasing the modulator at the minimum transmission point (MITP), the accuracy improvement can be realized since the errors caused by the even-order sidebands are eliminated. Moreover, the high stability of the proposed OVNA can also be achieved by using the PDH technique. In the proof-of-concept experiment, the magnitude and phase responses of the Fabry-Perot (FP) interferometer are realized with high accuracy when the modulation index is small. There is no repeated frequency response even if the test time is up to 30 minutes. The proposed scheme provides a novel strategy for high-accuracy frequency responses measurement, which can be potentially used in high Q optical devices characterization.
A novel scheme for the generation and stabilization of the millimeter-wave (mmW) signal is theoretically analyzed and experimentally demonstrated. By using the microwave photonics frequency-quadrupling technology and phase-locked optoelectronic oscillator, we generate the millimeter-wave signal with low phase noise and high stability without the frequency limitation of the electrical phase detector and the voltage-controlled microwave phase shifter. Finally, a 40-GHz mmW signal with the stability of 1.38 × 10−12 at the average time of 100 s is generated. The spurious suppression ratio reaches 97 dB, and the measured single-sideband phase noise is lower than -103 dBc/Hz at 10-kHz offset frequency.
We proposed a mode-locked all-polarization-maintaining erbium-doped fiber laser base on a nonlinear amplifying loop mirror (NALM). The laser can generate 1.6 ps pulses at 1550 nm with the energy of 1 nJ that can be compressed down to 100 fs with the compressor outside the cavity. The repetition rate of the output pulse is 12MHz. Such configuration of laser is easier controlled and self starting long term operation, and is highly desirable for industrial applications, such as micro-machining.
We propose and demonstrate a multifunction-stabilized photonic link, which is capable of transmitting wideband time signal and stable frequency signal between the central station and the remote end bidirectionally over a single-fiber link. Experimentally, 3.95-GHz frequency signal and pulsed time signal are delivered to the remote end with frequency stability of 3.6×10−16 and time jitter of 0.45 ps at 4000 s average time, respectively. Also, a downlink radio frequency signal is transferred from the remote end back to the central station with suppressed delay variation.
A novel photonic scheme of instantaneous frequency measurement (IFM) using analog modulation
links with interferometric detection assisted by a polarizer is proposed and demonstrated
experimentally. This scheme is simple, cost-effective as it only requires the basic
modulation-demodulation elements in typical analog optical links. The measurement errors as shown in
experimental results can be kept in 0.1GHz over a frequency range of 0.1GHz-6.5GHz.
A more simplified photonic microwave frequency measurement configuration based on a loop mirror filter is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. It is implemented by propagating a carrier-suppressed double-sideband modulated optical signal through a loop mirror filter. The ratio between the optical powers of the two output ports provides a direct measurement of the unknown signal frequency. This scheme can solve the main problems that exist in previous work. A proof-of-concept experiment is performed with a measurement range of 6 to 18 GHz and resolution less than 0.35 GHz.
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