The portable laser is indispensable for handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) instruments. We developed a passive, Q-switched pulsed, Nd:YAG laser system with small size and low cost. The maximum pulse energy of the laser was 10 mJ and the pulse duration was <2 ns. The peak power was >5 MW. The laser exhibited very high stability without any cooling system and its relative standard deviation of the pulse energy was <0.2 % . The laser was also used as a light source of LIBS to measure the concentrations of Cr, Cu, Mn, and Ni in alloys. The experimental results show that the determination coefficient of the calibration curves for these four elements is all better than 0.99. For its shorter pulse duration, the laser can decrease the plasma shield effect to improve the coupling of laser pulse and the target and stability of spectra intensity. The portable laser developed is a good laser source for handheld LIBS instruments.
Ultraviolet (UV) light source has very important applications due to its high single photon energy, short laser wavelength and low thermal effect during processing. A high-performance way to acquire UV light source at 355 nm is using sumfrequency method. CsB3O5 (CBO) crystal is a good UV nonlinear optical (NLO) crystal, it can be used to generate UV laser. We acquired high output power UV picosecond (ps) light source at 355 nm through sum-frequency method based on type II phase-matched CBO crystal. As the 1064 nm laser power was 84.8 W, a 30.3 W of 355 nm UV light source with a repetition rate of 600 kHz was achieved. The optical conversion efficiency from the infrared fundamental laser to the UV third-harmonic laser was up to 35.7%. We measured the power stability of the 355 nm UV laser at the maximum power of 30.3 W. The root mean square (RMS) value of the power instability was 0.386% for about thirty minutes. These findings reveal that CBO crystal has great potential in the application of ultrafast UV light source generation with high power.
Multi-photon microscopy (MPM) has become an indispensable tool for observing biological structures and functions in vivo, benefitting from its deep penetration depth and high spatial resolution. Femtosecond pulses featuring a broad wavelength tuning range are highly desired by MPM. We demonstrate a 1-MHz ultrafast fiber-optic source that produces ~100-fs pulses tunable from 940 nm to 1250 nm with 100-nJ level pulse energy. For example, we achieved 120-fs pulses with 105-nJ energy centered at 1150 nm. This broadly tunable, energetic fs source constitutes an ideal source for deep-tissue multi-photon imaging.
A practical femtosecond polarization-maintaining Yb-doped fiber amplifier enabling 153 fs transform-limited pulse duration with 32 μJ pulse energy at 1 MHz repetition rate corresponding to a peak power of 0.21 GW is demonstrated. The laser system based on chirped-pulse amplification (CPA) technique is seeded by a dispersion managed, nonlinear polarization evolution (NPE) mode-locked oscillator with spectrum bandwidth of 31 nm at 1040 nm and amplified by three fiber pre-amplifying stages and a rod type fiber main amplifying stage. The laser works with beam quality of M2 of 1.3 and power stability of ∼0.63% (root mean square, RMS) over 24 hours will be stable sources for industrial micromachining, medical therapy and scientific research.
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