Based on GOCI data and the built-in CO2 algorithm, this paper investigated the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of chlorophyll-a in offshore waters of Yantai and Weihai from 2014 to 2016. Results showed: The chlorophyll-a concentration in the study area has a significant spatial-temporal characteristics, showed a decreased tendency from estuary to offshore area in general. While the lowest value major in the north open seas, the highest value appeared in Sishili Bay and the coastal zone along Weihai, even extended to the western coastal area of Shandong Peninsula. The spatial difference of the concentration of chlorophyll-a in summer was significantly higher than that in winter, and the enrichment effect increased with the increase of temperature. From the perspective of temporal distribution, the chlorophyll-a level was highest in August and lowest in February, and there are small but obvious double peaks in the spring and autumn of May and October. Our work indicated that chlorophyll a concentration level in the study area showed a gradual upward trend in recent 3 years.
Particulate matter (PM) is one of the main pollutants in the atmosphere, which is harmful to human. PM10 and PM2.5 became the main subject attracting more and more interest. To compensate the weakness of conventional observation method, application of remote sensing tools have been widely used in environmental monitoring. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data has a high temporal resolution, which, at present, is an ideal data source in simulative monitoring of regional-scale environment changes. In this study, we focused on PM2.5 and AOD (Aerosol Optical Depth) in coastal areas. Correlation between each two of them was analyzed. From the daily average value year of two sites PM2.5, the concentration of air particulate pollutants is low before and after summer, and the heating season is higher in winter and spring. The average PM2.5 concentration value of 2014 and 2015 is 50.11μg/m3 and 41.11μg/m3 respectively in Fushan station, and that of the Laishan station is 45.63μg/m3 and 38.73μg/m3 respectively. From the interannual variation, the concentration of air particulate pollutants in the two regions has a tendency to decrease. According to the new standard of air quality of the PM2.5 monitoring network, the air quality of the vast majority of dates belongs to the excellent grade. In light of the policy of air pollution, the PM2.5 concentration in 2015 was lower than that in 2014. Due to the complexity of atmospheric components and their interactions, and the spatial and temporal constraints of PM2.5 detection resulted in a low correlation between the AOT and PM2.5.
Using Landsat 5 Thematic Mapper and Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager and Thermal
Infrared Sensor imagery of the Yellow River Delta, this study analyzed the relationships between
NDVI and LST (land surface temperature). Six Landsat images comprising two time series were
used to calculate the land surface temperature and correlated vegetation indices. The Yellow River
Delta area has expanded substantially because of the deposited sediment carried from upstream
reaches of the river. Between 1986 and 2015, approximately 35% of the land use area of the
Yellow River Delta has been transformed into salterns and aquaculture ponds. Overall, land use
conversion has occurred primarily from poorly utilized land into highly utilized land. To analyze
the variation of land surface temperature, a mono-window algorithm was applied to retrieve the
regional land surface temperature. The results showed bilinear correlation between land surface
temperature and the vegetation indices (i.e., Normalized Difference Vegetation Index,
Adjusted-Normalized Vegetation Index, Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index, and Modified
Soil-Adjusted Vegetation Index). Generally, values of the vegetation indices greater than the
inflection point mean the land surface temperature and the vegetation indices are correlated
negatively, and vice versa. Land surface temperature in coastal areas is affected considerably by
local seawater temperature and weather conditions.
In recent years, satellite remote sensing have been widely used in dynamic monitoring of Green Tide. However, the images captured by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are rarely used in floating green tide monitoring. In this paper, a quad-rotor unmanned aerial vehicle was used to mapping the coverage of green tide on the seabeach in Haiyang with three algorithms based on RGB image.The conclusions are as follows: there is discrepancy in both maximum value band among RGB and the difference in the green band for a true color aerial photograph taken from a UAV; the best index for floating green tide mapping on seabeach is GLI. It is possible to have a comprehensive, objective and scientific understanding of the floating green tide mapping with aid of UAV based on RGB image in the seabeach.
Previous studies have shown that Terra moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) has low detection and characterization efficiency when mapping a green tide (Ulva prolifera) in the Yellow Sea. To quantify the uncertainty in mapping of the green tide using MODIS data, comparisons were conducted between quasi synchronous MODIS images and in situ observation data, as well as an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) image. The results show that MODIS images could detect the location of large (>100 m) floating green algae patches with good positional accuracy but tended to ignore the existence of small patches less than 10 m in width. The floating macroalgae area extracted using MODIS was several times larger than the area mapped using the UAV image. The Sentinel-2 multispectral instrument, the Chinese high-resolution GF-1 wide field camera, and the Chinese HJ-1 charge-coupled device are recommended for early green tide detection, whereas MODIS is suitable for green tide monitoring. The UAV could also play an important role in regional green tide monitoring with the advantages of flexibility, smaller dimensions, high spatial resolution, and low cost.
This study investigated the associations between land cover changes and evapotranspiration (ET) in the Yellow River Delta during the last 30 years using Landsat imagery. The result showed that the Delta region experienced a distinct increase in area due to sea–land interaction and sediment deposition, accompanied by substantial change in land cover fractions. From 1986 to 2015, 35.48% of land cover changed, mainly due to a transformation into salterns and culture ponds from other land cover types. In general, land cover was converted from less developed into highly developed types. The monowindow algorithm for retrieval of land surface temperature (LST) and the SEBAL model were used to explore the effects of land cover changes on regional ET. The results indicated that the average relative error of daily ET was 9.46%, and there was a significant linear correlation (R2≥0.959, p<0.001) between ET and LST. Relationships existed between LST, ET, fractional vegetation cover, and other relevant vegetation indices, and there were positive and negative correlations between different threshold ranges. During the study period, the transformation of large areas of different land cover types into salterns and culture ponds led to an average increase of 1.43 mm in daily ET.
In this paper, the green tide (Large green algae-Ulva prolifera) in the Yellow Sea in 2015 is monitored which is based on remote sensing and geographic information system technology, using GF-1 WFV data, combined with the virtual baseline floating algae height index (VB-FAH) and manual assisted interpretation method. The results show that GF-1 data with high spatial resolution can accurately monitoring the Yellow Sea Ulva prolifera disaster, the Ulva prolifera was first discovered in the eastern waters of Yancheng in May 12th, afterwards drifted from the south to the north and affected the neighboring waters of Shandong Peninsula. In early July, the Ulva prolifera began to enter into a recession, the coverage area began to decrease, by the end of August 6th, the Ulva prolifera all died.
In recent years, MODIS data were widely used in dynamic monitoring of Green Tide. However, the images may contain lots of mixed pixels because of coarse resolution ,which will cause the error of the monitor result1,2. In this paper, the monitoring error was quantitatively analyzed with the help of GF-1 WFV data, which has a high resolution of 16 merers and the monitoring result of which were considered to be accurate. The conclusions are as follows: there are errors in both dense and sparse Enteromorpha monitoring using MODIS data, and the error in sparse Enteromorpha is larger. Most of the error is concentrated on the edge of the floating Enteromorpha patch. MODIS has a good ability in observing the location of Enteromorpha , and it can play an important role in the dynamic monitoring of multi source data.
The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) data has a high temporal resolution, which, at present, is an ideal data source in simulative monitoring of regional-scale changes in surface energy and water. However, the spatial resolution of its thermal infrared band is relatively low (1 km). The Landsat TM/ETM+ data have a high spatial resolution, but their single thermal infrared bands can lead to the fact that the inversion accuracy for the surface temperature is not high, and that the time resolution is low. This limits its application in the surface evapotranspiration (ET) monitoring. Combining TM/ETM + visible wave band with MODIS thermal infrared wave band, this paper discusses a multi-scale remote sensing method to estimate regional surface ET. On the basis of space enhancement method, the vegetation index estimated by TM/ETM + enhances the surface temperature scale with the inversion of MODIS to a 30 m resolution, which aims to improve the estimation accuracy of ET in the non-uniform surface mixed-pixel. The results show that this method has a higher accuracy of ET estimation compared with the method of only using MODIS or ETM+ data. Moreover, it can obtain a more obvious effect on scale correction in the uneven land surface or various surface covering types, and the corrected ET is close to the observation result.
With 4 periods of remote sensing images as data sources, based on Geo-information TuPu analysis method, coastline change information mapping of Shandong province during the past 30 years is established using ArcGIS software, and then this kind of information was studied deeply. The conclusions are as follows: 1) During the past 30 years, coastline of Shandong province shows an increasing trend; the centre of increasing shifts eastward gradually; different areas have different increasing situations. 2) During the past 30 years, coastline change degree of Shandong province is basically stable, change fiercely areas concentrate on the Yellow River estuary while Zhaoyuan, Penglai and Longkou have a rather slow degree. 3) From 1980 to 1990, coastline of Shandong province retreats to land quickly, draws back slowly from 1990 to 2000 while advances to sea rapidly entering into 21st century; Dongying has a backward trace for 30 years, Zhaoyuan and Laiyang have been basically unchanged, Yantai, Rizhao and Jiaonan have a obvious trend of advancing to sea.
Based on SPOT VEGETATION NDVI time-series data, multi-phase China’s land use / land cover (LULC) data were extracted in this study, where land use degree method and land dynamic degree method were used to analyze the spatial and temporal change characteristics of China’s LULC in the latest decade. Moreover, bookkeeping model was applied to analyze the response of China's carbon sink to LUCC. Research conclusions were achieved as follows. China's annual vegetation carbon sink was 0.22- 0.32PgC/year, equivalent to 26% -28% of China's industrial CO2 emissions over the same period. Dynamic changes in woodland and grassland led to carbon sink changed in 11.4-15.7TgC, and the increased carbon sink due to LUCC offset 1.3-1.4% of China’s industrial CO2 emissions.
In this paper, with four remote sensing images from the 1980 to 2010 periods and the coastal survey data as data sources, then integrated use remote sensing and GIS technology, the Efficient Ecological Economic Zone of the Yellow River Delta's coastline and sea reclamation changes were extracted by the means of visual interpretation and the artificial vector method. The conclusions are as follows: The coastline of this study area showed a rising trend during 1980 to 2010, the silty coastline showed a reduction trend while the artificial coastline showed an increasing trend, natural and social factors together determined the evolution of coastline. The reclamation area was the largest during 1980 to 1990 and the area was the smallest during 1990 to 2000, demographic factors and economic factors are the most prominent driving reasons of the reclamation. This paper can provide data support and services for the study area to implement management and sustainable development more efficiently.
Nuclear power plants are used as an option to meet the demands for electricity due to the low emission of CO2 and other contaminants. The accident at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in 2011 has forced the Chinese government to adjust its original plans for nuclear power. The construction of inland nuclear power plants was stopped, and construction is currently only permitted in coastal zones. However, one obstacle of those plants is that the elevation of those plants is notably low, ranging from 2 to 9 meters and a number of the nuclear power plants are located in or near geological fault zones. In addition, the population density is very high in the coastal zones of China. To reduce those risks of nuclear power plants, central government should close the nuclear power plants within the fault zones, evaluate the combined effects of storm surges, inland floods and tidal waves on nuclear power plants and build closed dams around nuclear power plants to prevent damage from storm surges and tidal waves. The areas without fault zones and with low elevation should be considered to be possible sites for future nuclear power plants if the elevation can be increased using soil or civil materials.
This study examined the dynamic changes of the Bohai Sea coastline in recent 20 years through spatial-temporal analysis using combined data from remote sensing and GIS technology. Three standard false color remote sensing images derived from visual interpretation and the vectorization from artificial methods are adopted to complete the extraction of the Bohai Sea coastline information. The results show that the Bohai Sea coastline has an increasing trend from 1990 to 2010, especially with the fastest growth during 2000 to 2010.The coastlines along the Liaoning and Shandong Provinces generally had a growing trend, while the shoreline along the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region changes most rapidly. These analyses have suggested that human influence is the key factor in causing the significant changes of the Bohai Sea coastlines in recent years.
KEYWORDS: Remote sensing, Geographic information systems, Visualization, Data acquisition, Analytical research, Coastal modeling, Data modeling, Agriculture, Standards development, Information technology
With 2 periods of standard false-color images as data sources, using remote sensing and GIS technology, dynamic change information extraction of the coastline and sea reclamation was completed in the region around Bohai through visual interpretation and artificial vectorization, and then this kind of information was studied deeply. The conclusions are as follows: 1) From 2000 to 2010, coastline of the region around Bohai shows an increasing trend, advancing to the sea rapidly; coastline change of the Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area is maximum; the advancing of coastlines of Liaoning and Shandong Province to the sea is obvious; human factors are key factors for the above change . 2) From 2000 to 2010, the sea reclamation area of the region around Bohai is rapidly increasing, the increase of Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan region is the largest relatively and that of Shandong Province is the smallest; from the structure point of view, the area of sea reclamation for building ports is the largest and that of tideland reclamation is the smallest; different regions have different structures; social and natural factors together determine the evolution of sea reclamation. 3) To some extent, sea reclamation contributes to the increase in length of the coastline; different use types of sea reclamation have different influences on the coastline changes.
KEYWORDS: 3D modeling, Geographic information systems, Data modeling, 3D image processing, Remote sensing, 3D acquisition, 3D displays, Visualization, Data conversion, 3D visualizations
This paper further studies the construction, publishing and display of three-dimensional (3D) scenes and their implementation based on Skyline family of software, combining remote sensing images and DEM data. Among them, the SketchUp software is used to build landscape models and the JavaScript programming language is adopted to achieve web browsing of 3D scenes. The study provides a useful exploration for the establishment of Web 3D-GIS combining Web GIS technology and 3D visualization technology.
This paper retrieved the vegetation water content EWT (equivalent water thickness) information and the relevant parameters for the land surface from full-band TM remote sensing data. The effects of surface water heat flux and surface covering on the EWT were analyzed via studies of the regional land cover status and the combined EWT with land surface parameters. This paper also analyzed the roles and limitations of EWT in drought monitoring combined with classification of the regional drought and regional water stress index (RWSI).
KEYWORDS: Earth sciences, Data modeling, Geographic information systems, Databases, Raster graphics, Data storage, Vegetation, Information fusion, Visualization, Spatial analysis
To improve the access efficiency of geoscience data, efficient data model and storage solutions should be used. Geoscience data is usually classified by format or coordinate system in existing storage solutions. When data is large, it is not conducive to search the geographic features. In this study, a geographical information integration system of Shandong province, China was developed based on the technology of ArcGIS Engine, .NET, and SQL Server. It uses Geodatabase spatial data model and ArcSDE to organize and store spatial and attribute data and establishes geoscience database of Shangdong. Seven function modules were designed: map browse, database and subject management, layer control, map query, spatial analysis and map symbolization. The system’s characteristics of can be browsed and managed by geoscience subjects make the system convenient for geographic researchers and decision-making departments to use the data.
This paper retrieved the information of cropland and MCI (Multiple Cropping Index) of China in 2000 and 2009 with SPOT NDVI time series data and utilized meteorological data and statistical data released by the state to calculate potential MCI and statistical MCI. Then, the MCI potential of China and grain production potential based on MCI were calculated in order to analyze the potential spatial distribution characteristics of MCI and the potential spatial pattern characteristics. The national mean MCI potentials in 2000 and 2009 are 0.485 and 0.506 respectively calculated with the remote sensing method and statistical method. And the grain productivity potentials of China based on MCI are 51% and 53% respectively. The improvement of MCI potential not only increases hydrothermal utilization rate and the utilization rate of cropland but also enormously enhances the food security degree of China and provides more available cropland area for the economic development.
With the fast development of economy and urbanization, the phenomenon of city construction occupying Cropland often happens. As the contradiction between human and land becomes more prominent, the contradiction between the supply and demand of the cropland are more radical in Yantai City of China. Analysis on the balance between supply and demand of cropland is the main basis to determine land use objectives, and also the basis of editing land use planning. In this paper, the authors firstly calculated the potential of cropland supply in Yantai for 2020 according to its current number of the cropland and the potential quantity of other kinds of land changing to the cropland, and then calculated the demand for cropland in 2020 with the methods of the population prediction and its national economic development planning. Then the balance between the supply and demand of cropland was analyzed. The results were that the cropland in Yantai city in 2020 were lower than those of its demand. At last, to relieve the contradiction, the authors tried to put forward some recommendations like optimizing the structure to coordinate the balance between the supply and demand of the cropland etc. to realize its regional sustainable development.
This paper presents a new drought assessment method by modifying the NDVI-Ts space, which named NDVI-Ts general space. Based on this method, the general dry side and wet side equation were established for the period of 1981 and 2010 in the Mongolian Plateau. The results showed that: 1) the NDVI-Ts general space was more stable for monitoring drought than that for the single time Remote Sensing data; 2) TVDI was lower in the areas with high latitude, high vegetation cover, well-growing vegetation, which indicated higher soil moisture.3) The dry level area was the largest one, and the normal area was the second largest, the wet level area was the third, the extremely dry and extremely wet area was the least.4)The results showed that the fluctuated area mainly occurred in the normal level and the dry level, the extremely wet level, the wet level and extremely dry level basically remained unchanged. It may be explored that, the aridification became more serious in the 1981 – 2012, the area transformation mainly occurred between the normal level and dry level.
This paper extracted the spatial distribution of the continental coastline of Bohai Rim utilizing Remote Sensing and GIS spatial analysis techniques, and calculated the fractal dimension of the coastline by boxcounting method, with a time from 1990 to 2010. Moreover, we analyzed the characteristics of spatialtemporal variability of the coastline's length and fractal dimension, the relationship between the large scales length change and fractal dimension change. During the research period, the coastline length of the study area increased progressively and the most significant change in coastline length was found in Tianjin Municipality. Especially after 2000, the coastline length entered a period of rapid growth. In addition, the fractal dimension of the overall coastline of the study area was between the fractal dimensions of the regional coastlines and was close to the maximum fractal dimensions of these regional coastlines. The fractal dimension of the coastline in Bohai Rim was increasing during the research period, large scale project such as ports construction, reduced tortuous degree of the coastline.
The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) is a well established eco-hydrologic model. For the semi-distributed hydrological model, Hydrological Response Units (HRUs) are the basic modeling units, which are defined by land use, soil and slope. Land surface patches within one Hydrological Response Units (HRUs) should bear identical hydrological properties (including land use, soil, slope and management) and thus have similar hydrological responses. However, it is difficult to determinate the spatial locations and to describe the interactions between different HRUs. This study proposed one schema to discretize HRUs for SWAT on the basis of generalized data input. Within a small watershed of Taihu Basin, the data of land use and soil were generalized for discretizing SWAT HRUs. The SWAT model was modified with the discretized HRUs. The resulted showed that the SWAT improved by discretization schema could be more sensitive the runoff lag process and thus achieved better simulation accuracy.
This paper presents a new drought assessment method by modifying the NDVI-Ts space, which named NDVI-Ts general space. Based on this method, the general dry side and wet side equation were established for the period of 2000 and 2010 in the Mongolian Plateau. The results showed that: 1) the NDVI-Ts general space was more stable for monitoring drought than that for the single time Remote Sensing data; 2) Drought mainly distributed in the Mongolian Plateau, In Mongolian Plateau, there was about 75% area of drought; 3) Drought changed in the period of 2000 and 2010. In the year of 2003, the area of severe drought is the smallest. In 2001, the drought is the most serious. The results showed that, the distribution of drought was different in different year. There may be close correlation between the occurrence of drought and precipitation.
The coastal zone is very important in the world. China coastal zone was granted the first priority of developing economy in the late 1980s. Since then, high population density and rapid economic development hace caused intensive changes of LUCC in this zone. Those changes have lead to land degradation. Besides, China governments launched series of projects and policy to improve such problems. Those will inevitably cause to diverse spatial dynamics of land degradtion. However, the state of land degradation in certain time is still unknown. Soil erosion is an important indicator of land degradation.Therefore, we use RS images,RUSLE model to anlyze the spatial pattern of soil erosion for 2000. By spatial analysis, we found that soil erosion in China coastal zone is not serious. Widespread soil erosion is only occurred on coastal zones in Shandong, Hainan and werstern Guangdong Province. Although rainfall eosivity factor(R) is higher in southern coastal zone, erosion tends to occur on the slopes with lower LS values in northern coastal zone than southern coastal zone. Goevernments have enforced some policy to reduce the extent of soil erosion by conversion of farmland to woodland and barren mountains to woodland. But the difference between southern and northern coastal zone is still not realized. To improve soil eorosion in those areas, we should let governments put more funds to increase vegetation cover in north. Such study will provide helpful suggestions for governments to prevent soil erosion in coastal zone.
A remote sensing regional evapotranspiration (ET) model was built on the basis of topography correction (slope, aspect and elevation), herein. A variety of satellite data which have visible, near-infrared and thermal infrared remote sensing data can be used by this improved model. Combined with conventional ground meteorological information, it can estimate regional distribution of ET under different climate and terrain conditions, expanding the scope of application. Taking into account the terrain factors, we modified the algorithm of SEBAL model. Results showed that, the modified inversion method of evapotranspiration can better reflect actual evapotranspiration condition. Evapotranspiration changes were consistent with land use types. This research indicates that application of medium or high resolution satellite data to calculate regional ET under undulating landform should consider the impact of terrain. It improves the accuracy of ET estimates and has important reference value for the work of the regional water balance and regional agricultural climate research.
This article firstly calculated China's energy carbon emissions of 30 provinces in 2010 with the method of carbon emission inventories of 2006 IPCC based on the data of China energy statistical yearbook, and then calculated its carbon emission intensity with GDP data in China’s statistical yearbook. Next according to the formed formula the author calculated the EEI (Economic Efficiency Index) and ECI (Ecological Carrying Index) and made some corresponding figures with the help of GIS to analyze the fairness of the China’s energy CO2 emissions in 2010.The results showed that the distribution of China’s CO2 emissions for energy in 2010 become lower from the Bohai bay to the surroundings and the west circle provinces are with the lowest energy carbon emissions. The intensity distribution of China’s CO2 emissions for energy in 2010 becomes higher from southeast China to north China. The distributions of EEI, ECI and for China’s energy CO2 emissions are quite different from each other, and also with their comprehensive result. As to the fairness of China’s energy CO2 emissions in 2010, we can say that the south provinces are better than those of Bohai bay areas (except Beijing and Tianjing).
This paper provides a coherent pattern identification analysis of coastal land use and land cover (LULC) under the impact of seawater intrusion. This study analysis applied the 4-, 3-, and 2-band false color composite Landsat satellite data to characterize the LULC in the study area. The evapotranspiration (ET) and heat fluxes were estimated by using the SEBAL model with two-time phase thermal infrared band images and regional surface parameters. Our findings are as follows: 1) Due to its distance from the sea, the vegetation index gradually increases as the level of land use gradually increased. 2) The different influences of seawater intrusion in the study area resulted in significantly different influences of land surface parameters (LST, Gn, MSAVI, and Uindex) on ET. There are a variety of types of relational patterns between parameters (LST, Gn, MSAVI and Uindex) and ET (positive, negative, and no relationship). 3) Seawater intrusion significantly affected the spatial pattern of LUCC, which evidently affected the spatial distribution of ET. The spatial distribution pattern and change characteristics of ET were formed by double driving forces of seawater intrusion and LUCC under the background effects of regional climate.
Based on the quantitative calculation of 2000-2010 China's 30 provinces of carbon emissions by the method of 2006 IPCC with the data from China energy statistical yearbook and China cement Yearbook, a detailed analysis of the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of carbon emissions in both Chinese level and provinces’ level was made. The result showed that most of the provinces of China's carbon emissions presented an increasing trend in the past 11 years, especially in Shandong Province, Hebei Province, Shanxi Province, Liaoning Province, Jiangsu province which is located in the national top five. Then according to the current carbon emissions trend, the author put forward some countermeasures for China, such as speeding up the pace of industrial restructuring, searching for clean energy and other measures to reduce the carbon emissions of china to low the emission rate and contribute to the world.
Many environmental factors, such as stratospheric ozone, aerosols, and clouds, may affect ultraviolet (UV) irradiance. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation and total cloud amount, ozone, and aerosols simultaneously, leading to the assessment of possible impacts of climate change on UVB flux variations in the Continental United States (US). Findings indicate that in the past 22 years, while ozone decreased and aerosols increased across the US, the UVB decrease in the northern states was consistent with the increase in aerosols and total cloud amount. Climate change impact resulting in higher total cloud amount in the northern states might result in lower UVB in the future.
Fractional Vegetation Cover (FVC) is one of the most important variables in monitoring the changes of terrestrial ecosystems. Based on the Two-endmember model, FVC from 2000 to 2012 in Xinjiang was derived from MODIS Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (MODIS NDVI)) (16-Day). The spatio-temporal vegetation changes were analyzed, and the results showed that: Vegetation cover in Inner-Mongolia was higher than that in Mongolia. In the year of 2000, the FVC in Inner-Mongolia is 0.557, and 0.516 in Mongolia; while in the year of 2012, the FVC in Inner-Mongolia is 0.663, and 0.593 in Mongolia.
Many costal regions in China are confronted with challenging problems of limited land resources and increasing
population. Saline lands, tidelands and wetlands have been enclosed for agricultural land uses and urbanization buffer
zones under a series of reclamation programs. A combined approach of remote sensing (RS) and geographical
information system (GIS) was used in this study to identify the impact on Land Surface Temperature (LST) due to land
use/cover change. We analyzed the impacts of LUCC (Land Use and Land Cover Change) on LST in Laizou Bay plain in
different years. The results showed that land use types of culturing water increased significantly, correspondingly the
area of grass land and salt land have a substantial reduction, and that of urban and rural settlements increased
considerably . We retrieved the land surface temperature of two years using the method of Qin Zhihao's mono-windows
algorithm. Then we analyzed the temperature change on different kinds of land use. We find different types of land use
have different responses on temperature change. To sum up, there are strong correlations between LUC and LST.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.