The resolution of optical microscopy fundamentally limited by diffraction is at best 200 nm. Super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SR-SIM) provides an elegant way of overcoming the diffraction limit in conventional widefield microscope by superimposing a grid pattern generated through interference of diffraction orders on the specimen while capturing images. The use of non-uniform illumination field “shift” high specimen frequencies which are out-ofband into the pass-band of the microscope through spatial frequency mixing with the illumination field. Therefore the effective bandwidth of SR-SIM is approximately twice as conventional microscopy, corresponding to a 2-fold resolution enhancement, if the difference between excitation and emission wavelength is ignored. However, such a wide-field scheme typically can only image optically thin samples and is incompatible with multiphoton processes. In this paper, we propose a Super-resolution scanning scheme with virtually structured illumination, utilizes detection sensitivity modulation on line by programming or off line by numerical processing together with temporally cumulative imaging, the excitation intensity is constant while capturing images. In this case a nondescanned array detector such as CCD camera is needed. When combined with multiphoton excitation, this scheme can image thick samples with threedimensional optical sectioning and much improved resolution.
In this paper, the quadrupole electromagnetic tweezer installed in a fluorescent microscope was developed for the purpose of achieving precise control of magnetic microspheres’ motion trajectory. The key technologies of magnetic microsphere control and positioning by such quadrupole magnetic tweezers were systematically studied. An electromagnetic quadrupole magnetic tweezer system was designed and constructed, a current-magnetic force model of the quadrupole magnetic tweezer was established, and the magnetic force-current inverse force model was derived and simplified. A fluorescence microscopy imaging system was set up and the related program design was completed. The position of magnetic fluorescent microspheres was monitored by a high-speed CCD with sampling frequency of 200 Hz. A proportional-integral closedloop feedback controller was built up for magnetic microspheres. The experimental results demonstrated that the magnetic force range available at the center of the work area was [-80pN, 80pN]. Besides, magnetic microspheres were tested to possess a displacement resolution up to 400 nm as well as the capacity of moving in any direction in a two-dimensional plane. Based on the obtained results, it is expected that the quadrupole electromagnetic tweezer can function one of the effective devices for evaluation of cell mechanical properties.
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