Mapping of built-up areas were always a main concern to researchers in the field of remote sensing. Thus, several techniques have been proposed to saving technicians from digitizing hundreds of areas by hand. Multiclass classifiers exhibit a very promising performance in terms of classification accuracy. However, they require that all classes in the study area to be labeled. In many applications, users may only be interested in a specific land class. This referred to as one-class classification (OC) problem. In this paper, we compare a Binary Support Vector Machine (BSVM) classifier, with two OC classifiers, OC SVM (OCSVM), and Presence and Background Learning (PBL) framework for the extracting built-up areas from Gaofen-2 and Aster satellites imagery. The obtained classification accuracies show that PBL provides competitive extraction results due to the fact that PBL is a positive-unlabeled method based on neural network in which large amounts of available unlabeled samples is incorporated into the training phase, allowing the classifier to model the built-up class more effectively.
Recently, the new Geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA) was proposed as an alternative classification approach to pixel based ones. In GEOBIA, image segments can be depicted with various attributes such as spectral, texture, shape, deep features and context, and hence final classification can produce better land cover/use map. The presence of such a large number of features poses significant challenges to standard machine learning methods and has rendered many existing classification techniques impractical. In this work, we are interested to feature selection techniques, which are employed to reduce the dimensionality of the data while keeping the most of its expressive power. Inspired by recent works in remote sensing using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), especially for hyperspectral band selection, a feature selection approach based on One-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Networks (1-D CNN) is proposed in this study. All object-based features are used to train the 1-D CNN to obtain well trained model. After testing different feature combinations, we use the well trained model to obtain their test classification accuracies, and finally we select the subset of features with the highest precision. In our experiments, we evaluate our feature selection approach on 30-cm resolution colour infrared (CIR) aerial orthoimagery. A multi-resolution segmentation is performed to segment the images into regions, which are characterized later using various spectral, textural and spatial attributes to form the final object-based feature dataset. The obtained experimental results show that the proposed method can achieve satisfactory results when compared with traditional feature selection approaches.
In this paper, a new pansharpening method, which uses nonnegative matrix factorization, is proposed to enhance the spatial resolution of remote sensing multispectral images. This method, based on the linear spectral unmixing concept and called joint spatial-spectral variables nonnegative matrix factorization, optimizes, by new iterative and multiplicative update rules, a joint-variables criterion that exploits spatial and spectral degradation models between the considered images. This criterion considers only two unknown high spatial-spectral resolutions variables. The proposed method is tested on synthetic and real datasets and its effectiveness, in spatial and spectral domains, is evaluated with established performance criteria. Results show the good performances of the proposed approach in comparison with other standard literature ones.
Object-based image classification consists in the assignment of object that share similar attributes to object categories. To perform such a task the remote sensing expert uses its personal knowledge, which is rarely formalized. Ontologies have been proposed as solution to represent domain knowledge agreed by domain experts in a formal and machine readable language. Classical ontology languages are not appropriate to deal with imprecision or vagueness in knowledge. Fortunately, Description Logics for the semantic web has been enhanced by various approaches to handle such knowledge. This paper presents the extension of the traditional ontology-based interpretation with fuzzy ontology of main land-cover classes in Landsat8-OLI scenes (vegetation, built-up areas, water bodies, shadow, clouds, forests) objects. A good classification of image objects was obtained and the results highlight the potential of the method to be replicated over time and space in the perspective of transferability of the procedure.
Monitoring of earth surface changes from space by using multi-date satellite imagery was always a main concern to
researchers in the field of remotely sensed image processing. Thus, several techniques have been proposed to saving
technicians from interpreting and digitizing hundreds of areas by hand.
The exploiting of simple, easy to memorize and often comprehensible mathematical models such band-ratios and indices
are one of the widely used techniques in remote sensing for the extraction of particular land-cover/land-use like urban
and vegetation areas. The results of these models generally only need the definition of adequate threshold or using
simple unsupervised classification algorithms to discriminate between the class of interest and the background.
In our work a genetic programming based approach has been adopted to evolve simple mathematical expression to
extract urban areas from image series. The model is built from a single image by using a basic set of operators between
spectral bands and maximizing a fitness function, which is based on the using of the M-statistic criterion.
The model was constructed from the Landsat 5 TM image acquired in 2006 by using training samples extracted with the
help of a Quick-bird high spatial resolution satellite image acquired the same day as the Landsat image over the city of
Oran, Algeria. The model has been tested to extract urban areas from multi-date series of Landsat TM imagery
During recent decades, unplanned settlements have been appeared around the big cities in most developing countries and
as consequence, numerous problems have emerged. Thus the identification of different kinds of settlements is a major
concern and challenge for authorities of many countries. Very High Resolution (VHR) Remotely Sensed imagery has
proved to be a very promising way to detect different kinds of settlements, especially through the using of new objectbased
image analysis (OBIA). The most important key is in understanding what characteristics make unplanned settlements differ from planned ones, where most experts characterize unplanned urban areas by small building sizes at high densities, no orderly road arrangement and Lack of green spaces. Knowledge about different kinds of settlements can be captured as a domain ontology that has the potential to organize knowledge in a formal, understandable and sharable way. In this work we focus on extracting knowledge from VHR images and expert’s knowledge. We used an object based strategy by segmenting a VHR image taken over urban area into regions of homogenous pixels at adequate scale level and then computing spectral, spatial and textural attributes for each region to create objects. A genetic-based data mining was applied to generate high predictive and comprehensible classification rules based on selected samples from the OBIA result. Optimized intervals of relevant attributes are found, linked with land use types for forming classification rules. The unplanned areas were separated from the planned ones, through analyzing of the line segments detected from the input image. Finally a simple ontology was built based on the previous processing steps. The approach has been tested to VHR images of one of the biggest Algerian cities, that has grown considerably in recent decades.
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