The structure of the regional lymph nodes and the thymus was studied in the experiments upon the mice of the line C57BL with the subcutaneous interwoven melanoma B16 in the periods from one hour to 12 days after the radiation of melanoma with one irradiation impulse of the Nd laser with the energy density of 400 J/cm2. During the first 3 days after the irradiation of tumor with laser radiation the impoverishment of lymph nodes and thymus with lymphocytes takes place because of their intensified migration from these organs to the blood channel. Then one can see the restoration of the lymph nodes and thymus structure. The restoration of lymphopoiesis in the lymph nodes went on in the first place because of the poiesis in the follicles which consist of B-lymphocytes. Consequently, the lymphoid tissue plays a great role in the reorganization of the immunological status of the organism. Reorganization can be seen during the treatment of tumors with laser radiation, and it takes place in the first instance because of the reinforcement of the humoral immunity.
The number and correlation of skin stroma cells was studied on mice C57B1 with the subcutaneously transplanted melanoma B16 which was exposed to neodymium pulsed laser radiation. Within 1-5 days after the exposure the total number of the free skin stroma cells was found to increase in the periphery from the radiation epicenter and the number of lymphocytes, macrophages and leucocytes tended to grow. Lymphoid infiltration was also revealed in the preparations of the epithelized wound and cicatrix on the skin melanoma sites in the patients who had undergone pulsed laser radiation therapy.
Pulsed radiation generated by powerful neodymium glass lasers was used to treat 272 cases of stage I skin melanomas; 250 patients (91.9%) patients were treated 5 years ago or earlier. Local recurrences of melanoma were detected in 2 (0.7%) cases within 1 to 8 years of followup. Regional metastases developed in 45 (16.5 63.3%) cases and distant ones in 12 (4.461.6%); 1 (0.4%) female patient presented with a transport metastasis. In patients treated 5 years ago or earlier, regional metastases occurred in 16.263.8% cases, distant ones in 4.461.6%, and transport ones in 0.4%. Five-year survival was registered in 84.562.8% of patients. Powerful pulsed laser radiation is effective in treating flat and slightly elevated skin melanomas that are up to 4.5 cm thick and that are characterized by levels I to IV of invasion.
The strong pulsed lasers radiation on the Neodim glass was used for the treatment of 265 patients with stage I skin melanoma. To 230 (86.4%) of them the treatment was carried out 5 years ago and even earlier. The duration of follow-up was from 1 to 22 years. The local recurrence of melanoma was diagnosed in 2 (0.75%) of these patients. Regional metastases developed in 44 (16.6%) patients, distant metastases--in 12 (4.5%) patients; in 1 (0.4%) patient the transport metastasis was revealed. More over, in patients to whom this type of treatment was carried out 5 years ago and even earlier regional metastases were diagnosed in 19.1% of cases, distant metastases--in 5.2% of cases, and transport metastases--in 0.4% of cases. 5-year survival rate of the patients made up 83.2%. In case of the I level of invasion (according to Clark classification) 100% of patients were alive for 5 years and even longer, in case of the II level of invasion this index made up 92.3%, in case of the III level--85.7%, and in case of the IV level--80.5%. In melanomas the thickness of which did not exceed 1.5 mm (according to Breslow classification) 5-year survival rate of the patients made up 96.7%, and in the tumors being from 1.51 mm to 4.5 mm thick this index mae up 80.0%. The strong pulsed lasers radiation is the effective method of treatment of plane or slightly elevated skin melanomas of the I-IV levels of invasion (Clark classification) the thickness of which is up to 4.5 mm according to Breslow.
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