Lidar, as an important tool for studying atmospheric aerosol, is widely used in studying the distribution of atmospheric aerosol pollution. In environmental monitoring, especially when using mobile lidar for measurements, it's important to know not only situations of the pollution, but also the coordinates of their sources, and their dynamics distribution. The article introduces a method for calculating the coordinates of the objects locations according to the coordinates of the lidar, the detection direction and the distance between the lidar to the objects. Finally, the programming implementation of the method and its application in the development of auxiliary lidar systems.
Lidar, as an important tool for studying atmospheric aerosol, is widely used in studying the distribution of atmospheric aerosol pollution. In environmental monitoring, especially when using mobile lidar for measurements, it's important to know not only situations of the pollution, but also the coordinates of their sources, and their dynamics distribution . The article introduces a method for calculating the coordinates of the objects locations according to the coordinates of the lidar, the detection direction and the distance between the lidar to the objects. Finally, the programming implementation of the method and its application in the development of auxiliary lidar systems.
The results of experimental studies of the absorption spectra of pure NH3 at room temperature in the range 6611.6 - 6613.5 cm-1 and pressure range (up to 0.01 atm.) are presented. The measurements were carried out at the Department of Diode Laser Spectroscopy of the Institute of General Physics on a high-sensitivity high-resolution diode laser spectrometer with a signal-to-noise ratio of ~ 1400. The spectra were analyzed using a Voigt contour. The results of reconstructing the parameters of spectral absorption lines are presented: the positions of centers, intensities, coefficients of collisional self-broadening and shifts. A comparison was made with the parameters of the HITRAN database. A ~ 2-fold difference in intensities was found. Ammonia is one of the most common chemicals in human activity, is a waste product of living organisms and one of the most important products of the chemical industry. Ammonia is used to produce nitric acid, nitrogen fertilizers, explosives, etc. Ammonia is toxic and, along with such molecules as CO, NO, CH4, 13CO2, is a biomarker molecule1,4. These circumstances lead to the need to ensure continuous monitoring of ammonia and the development of reliable, low-cost measuring instruments in the environment, food industry and medicine. Currently one of the most highly sensitive and highly selective modern methods of gas analysis is diode laser spectroscopy. However, the realization of the advantages of this method is largely determined by the quality of the spectral data basis used, represented by the HITRAN database. One of the promising spectral ranges for monitoring NH3 is the region 6604 - 6613 cm-1 2. And another paper presents the results of experimental studies and analysis of the absorption spectra of pure NH3 in the range 6547 - 6552 cm-1 at room temperature and pressure range 0-0.04 atm 3.
In this work, photodetectors with a built-in cooling system based on Peltier elements and with a cooling system based on a Dewar flask filled with liquid nitrogen are experimentally studied with the aim of practical estimation and comparison of capabilities of the photodetectors with different photosensitive element cooling types.
The report discusses the results of experiments on the registration of backscattering of IR radiation from various aerosol formations. The studies were conducted on the bench for prototyping lidar measurements at a controlled route. Water and solutions in water of tryptophan, salt, alcohol, glycerin, and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) served as model media. For the experiments, the stand was upgraded with an IR radiation source – a tunable waveguide CO2 laser, and an IR receiver – cooled with liquid nitrogen MCT. As a result of the experiments, the ability to discriminate a number of aerosols among themselves by changes in the absorption spectrum during laser wavelength tuning along the lines of a CO2 laser, which can be used in remote laser sensing, was determined.
The contents of 28 elements in samples of solid snow sediment (30 samples) taken in 2015 in the city of Mezhdurechensk (Kemerovo Region) and in adjacent territories were determined by the instrumental neutron activation analysis method. The region is known for its coal mining activities. The existing data set was preliminary formatted into the database of uniform format. R programming environment was used for statistical analysis calculations and visual representation of data set with these 28 elements concentrations at snow sediment. The highest concentration coefficients of Ca(1.2), Lu(1.2), Ba(2.1), Sr(1.4), As(1.2), Tb(1.2), Sc(1.3), Co(1.2), Eu(1.4), La(1.3) relative to the background were found in solid snow sediment samples in Mezhdurechensk city. This is as a result of long-distance elements propagation from coal mines, coal burning in coal-fired boiler houses, and other workshops of similar activities.
In the report the results of experiments on the registration of IR radiation backscattering from organic aerosol are presented and discussed. The studies were conducted on the bench for prototyping lidar measurements at a controlled optical way. Water aerosol and water aerosol containing organic components like tryptophan, alcohol, glycerin, and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) served as model media. For these experiments we have modified the experimental set up under replacing UV laser on IR one -- a tunable waveguide CO2- laser. The IR photodetector MCT cooled by liquid nitrogen was used. As a result of the study, the ability to discriminate a number of aerosols among themselves by difference of the absorption spectra under CO2- laser wavelength tuning was demonstrated. It can be used in remote sensing of the different types of organic aerosols.
This paper offers a hardware programming method to automatically collect,process,transmit and store the meteorological data and data of geopositioning on the basis of the ATmega microcontroller and soft hardware Arduino when logging LIDAR measurements and further application of the data obtained in the processing LIDAR measurements.
The task that faced the authors was construction of a mobile lidar complex for detection and investigation of aerosol-gas formations in the atmosphere. The complex must be constructed of commercial industrially produced components as much as possible. Many of engineering solutions had been previously worked out by the authors when the first lidar of such type was developed. The complex is designed for study of capabilities of lidar sensing for remote investigation of aerosol-gas formations by their fluorescence and Raman scattering spectra, as well as topographyc objects by fluorescence spectra of their surfaces. The complex has been tested in 2016, and may be applied for atmospheric sensing, for detection of potentially hazardous and dangerous admixtures above the cities, industrial and agricultural emissions, including emissions after disclosures of agricultural animal burial sites. The complex is mounted on a motor vehicle chassis and is energy-independent, and that allow using it for remote sensing of different objects in different natural conditions. Probing distance: 30 000 meters in elastic scattering channel and 5 000 meters in fluorescence channel.
Measurements of the diffuse reflection coefficients of organic and inorganic materials and media in solid, granular and liquid forms were made in the UV field of 230-400 nm. A single channel spectrometer with an integrating sphere was used. Relation between diffuse reflection coefficients and the structure and composition of the samples is discussed. These data allow us to estimate the prospect of machine vision systems application for the UV range in such areas as biology, geology, remote control of materials and media.
The study of soil samples taken in regions of the industrial enterprises locations in Tomsk areas was performed. The instrumental neutron-activation analysis was used for determination of the chemical composition of samples. The accumulation levels of 26 chemical elements in soils, including rare and radioactive, were determined. The level values of all of the studied elements exceeded background concentrations. The observed elements concentrations exceeded the background ones by factor ranging from 1.1 for Rb (Artificial stone plant) up to 20 for Br (Borrow pit enterprise) to 28 for Ce (Ash dump of the heat power station). The pollution of all studied areas was estimated as high on the basis of calculated values of the total pollution index. The soil geochemical peculiarities in Tomsk are established by elements accompanying production in regions of industrial enterprises locations. The soil composition reflects the specificity of the urban area with various industrial enterprises, due to certain properties of the soil, which constantly accumulates pollutants of emissions from businesses shops and vehicles.
KEYWORDS: LIDAR, LabVIEW, Control systems, Cameras, Computer programming, Human-machine interfaces, Atmospheric optics, Surveillance, Digital video recorders, Video surveillance
Integrated automation software for remote lidar complex is developed within this work. The complexity of software is caused by the presence of the remote controls and measurement units in the lidar complex structure. This task is solved by the unification of all these devices into a single program for improving the efficiency of the operator and the lidar system as a whole. The software is fulfilled using LabView 2014 programming environment, it functionally contains a number of executable units for every element of the system.
This study concerns the human health risk due to exposure of Co, Cu, As, Mn contained in soils of the Southern Kuzbass, where the coal industry is developed. Soil samples of 200 were taken in Mezhdurechensk - city with intensive coal mining and processing industries. The content of heavy metals in samples were determined using the electron spectroscopy. Several samples were also investigated by methods of the instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) and the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). With regard to the effects of heavy metals on the adult population health the total Hazard Index (HI) for ingestion and inhalation routes was 0.87×10-1 and 7.8×10-1 respectively. According to the contribution of Co, Cu, As, Mn to the total HI the elements form the decreasing series Mn (0,42-0,50)> Co (0.18-0.20)> Cu (0,13-0,19 )> As (0,05-0,09). These chemical elements are present in the organic and inorganic forms in coals and coal wastes. Ranking the city territory has shown that administrative districts have different HI values (8.4 10-1 - 8.8 10-1). When analyzing the human health risks of coal mining and coal-processing enterprises the impact of heavy metals as components of coals and combustion products should be taken into account.
At the recent years, the increasing interest to laser methods of detection of harmful and dangerous admixtures in the open atmosphere is observed. In this work, experimental results are given of remote detection of acetone vapors, which is the marker of triacetone triperoxide (TATP), with the use of the frequency-pulse 13С16О2 laser with generation line at 11.2 μm.
The measurements of "isolated" CO2 line (6231.6 cm-1) absorption spectra in wide pressure range from 2 to 1000 mbar
were performed on 3-channel high-resolution diode laser spectrometer. 4 theoretical models used for the description of
lineshape contour: usual Voigt, Hard-collisional (Rautian), Soft-collisional (Galatry), and Speed-dependent Voigt
(Boone). LabView based software used for the testing of current lineshape models. This software performed the
nonlinear least-squares fit of the model spectrum to the experimental spectra recorded at each pressure individually. The
detailed research of weak lines influence to the retrieved parameters of "isolated" CO2 (6231.6 cm-1, R4 band 30013-
00001) is provided. It is shown that the use of Rautian and Galatry lineshape models leads to a significant deviation from
linear of the narrowing coefficient pressure dependence while coming to the high pressures range. Most appropriate for
the common description of whole experimental spectra in entire range of pressures (up to 1000 mbar) is the Speed-
Dependent (Boone) profile.
The absorption spectra of pure H2O with mixtures of broadening gases N2, Ar, Xe, He, Ar and air have been measured in 1.39 mμ spectral region by high resolution spectrometer based on diode laser (DFB NEL, Japan). For the processing of pure water spectra and it’s mixtures with a different broadening gases in a wide pressure range we used a multispectrum fitting procedure developed at IAO. The program is based on a relatively simple Rautian-Sobel’man line profile and linear pressure dependence of the line profile parameters. H2O measured spectra bulk processing results in the retrieving of such line parameters: zero-pressure line center positions, intensities, self-broadening and self-shift coefficients of pure water, broadening and shift coefficients for other gases which are describes the experiment with the minimum residuals in a wide pressure range.
Access to the requested content is limited to institutions that have purchased or subscribe to SPIE eBooks.
You are receiving this notice because your organization may not have SPIE eBooks access.*
*Shibboleth/Open Athens users─please
sign in
to access your institution's subscriptions.
To obtain this item, you may purchase the complete book in print or electronic format on
SPIE.org.
INSTITUTIONAL Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.
PERSONAL Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.