Optical characteristics of microcavity organic light-emitting devices (OLEDs) having two mirrors are examined.
Analyses show that a high-reflection back mirror and a low-loss high-reflection exit mirror are essential for such
microcavity devices to obtain luminance enhancement relative to conventional noncavity devices. The capping layer in
the composite mirror plays the role of enhancing reflection and reducing absorption loss, rather than enhancing
transmission. In addition, by setting the normal-direction resonant wavelength around the peak wavelength of the
intrinsic emission, one obtains the highest luminance enhancement along the normal direction and hardly detectable
color shift with viewing angles, yet accompanied by highly directed emission and lower external quantum efficiency. On
the other hand, the highest enhancement in external quantum efficiencies and the most uniform brightness distribution
are obtained by setting the normal-direction resonant wavelength 20-40 nm longer than the peak wavelength of the
intrinsic emission, yet with noticeable color shift over viewing angles. Due to the tradeoffs between different emission
characteristics in choosing the resonant wavelength, the exact design of microcavity devices would depend on actual applications.
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