We fabricate the few-mode erbium-doped fiber (FM-EDF) and successfully design a few-mode erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA). By controlling the Er3+ doping of the ring-core structure, the differential modal gain have effectively mitigated. Eventually, an average gain of 25.63 dB with a low differential modal gain of less than 0.6 dB and an average noise figure of 7.5 dB over the whole C-band were obtained.
We fabricated the multi-core erbium-doped fibers (MC-EDFs) and successfully designed a core-pumped four-core erbium doped-fiber amplifier (EDFA). By optimizing the injected pump powers of four fiber cores, we experimentally demonstrated the amplification characteristics. Eventually, an average gain of 25.08 dB with a low inter core gain difference of less than 0.72 dB and an average noise figure of 5.42 dB over the whole C-band were obtained. Besides, the performance of this four-core EDFA was tested under different signal input powers, and the gain difference between different fiber cores can be as low as 0.33 dB.
Recently, transmitting diverse signals in different cores of a multicore fiber (MCF) has greatly improved the communication capacity of a single fiber. In such an MCF-based communication system, mux/demux devices with broad bandwidth are of great significance. In this work, we design and fabricate a 19-channel mux/demux device based on femtosecond laser direct writing. The fabricated mux/demux device possesses an average insertion loss of 0.88 dB and intercore crosstalk of no more than − 29.1 dB. Moreover, the fabricated mux/demux device features a broad bandwidth across the C+L band. Such a mux/demux device enables low-loss 19-core fiber (de)multiplexing over the whole C+L band, showing a convincing potential value in wavelength-space division multiplexing applications. In addition, a 19-core fiber fan-in/fan-out system is also established based on a pair of mux/demux devices in this work.
The actual trunk multi-core fiber (MCF) splicing is studied by a 7-core fiber for long-distance transmission. The results show that the splicing quality is influenced by fusion splicing parameters mostly, such as Including fiber separation distance and electrode spacing. It is influenced by the mismatch of the mode field and other factors. By improving the process of the fiber end-face treatment, programming the end-face alignment and using the axis algorithm to optimize the fusion splicing parameters automatically, the low-loss optical fiber fusion is achieved. The typical value of splicing point loss can be less than 0.35dB, which can better meet the requirements of application for engineering wiring.
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