The goal of our research was to assess the vascularization degree of tumor to predict the efficiency of plasmonic photothermal therapy (PPT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) in tumor-bearing rats. Before any treatment, 3D Doppler ultrasound imaging was used for assessment of the vascularization degree of transplanted rat cholangiocarcinoma. For PPT, the gold nanorods with aspect ratio of 4:1, functionalized with thiolated polyethylene glycol, were used. After multiple fractional intravenous (IV) injections in rats with cholangiocarcinoma, the tumours were irradiated through the skin by an 808-nm NIR diode laser at a power density of 2.3 W/cm2 for 15 min. For PDT, galactose – Luphthalocyanine, as a photosensitizer, was applied by intratumoural injection, in a dose of 2 mg/kg. Then, tumors were irradiated through the skin by 670 nm-diode laser source with power density 200 mW/cm2 applied for 1000 sec in three non-overlapping zones covering whole tumour surface to obtain a total irradiation dose of 200 J/cm2 for each lesion. The withdrawal of the animals from the experiment and sampling of tissues for morphological study were performed before and 72 hrs after PPT and PDT. The vascular microdensity in tumors was assessed on histological sections as vessel counts or vessel area per unit of assessed tumor area. It was shown that efficiency of PPT and PDT therapy was mostly due to the sufficient accumulation of photothermosensitizers in the tumor, therefore preliminary assessment of tumor vascularization degree was necessary before starting a therapy.
The aim of work was to study the characteristics of uteroplacental blood flow in pregnant rats, tissue oxygenation and the morphological features of the main internal organs (heart, liver, kidneys) of newborns during chronic intrauterine hypoxia. The rats (8 animals) were divided into 2 experimental groups. The first (hypoxia) group was subjected to hypoxia throughout pregnancy (21 days). The second (control) group was not exposed to any effect throughout the pregnancy. On the 20th day of gestation in both groups, a Doppler ultrasound study of uterine-fetal blood flow and measurement of the placenta was performed. Newborn rat pups of the first day of life were subjected to oxygenation degree measurement. After delivery, the number of rats in the litter was counted and their body weight was measured. After the measurements the laboratory animals were withdrawn from the experiments and morphological study of their internal organs was performed. The studies have shown a clear relationship between the characteristics of uterine blood flow and the presence or absence of hypoxia. In chronic hypoxia, there were low rates of arterial blood flow, an increase in the peripheral resistance of uterine vessels. All this indicates the defective formation of the placenta and impaired blood flow with the development of placental insufficiency. It was also found that hypoxia in the antenatal period adversely affects the number and somatometric indicators of newborn rats in the offspring. Histological examination of the tissues of the heart, liver and kidney of newborn rat pups showed signs of impaired blood circulation, dystrophic and necrobiotic changes in the parenchyma.
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