A technological feature of optoelectronic oscillators (OEO) is the combined use of solid-state components of modern RF and microwave optoelectronics, fiber light guides and the traditional element base of microwave equipment. According to the principle of operation and the scheme of construction of the OEO is similar to the classical radio frequency oscillator with a delay line in the feedback circuit. A feature of his work is the multi-frequency nature of the generated oscillations, for which the conditions of amplitude balance and phase balance are met. Of particular interest is the process of self-excitation of the oscillator from noise to stable signal generation.
Currently, the process of introducing photonics into traditional radio frequency systems is in progress. As a result, a new direction has emerged in the field of telecommunications – microwave optoelectronics. Contrasted with standard microwave oscillators, the optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) has a number of advantages. Overcoming the compromise between the frequency tuning band of generation and the level of FM noise is the main one. Another advantage is that the upper limit of the OEO generation frequency is about 110 GHz, which is difficult to realize in the case of integrated transistor microwave generators. This limit in the OEO is caused by the bandwidth of an electrooptical modulator based on a lithium niobate crystal (LiNbO3). At present, the stationary mode of operation of OEO is well studied, but little attention is paid to the study of the process of its self-excitation. Therefore, the purpose of this work is a mathematical description of the process of self-excitation of an optoelectronic autogenerator.
At present, fiber-optic communication lines (FOCL) are widely used to transmit information [1]. On their basis, both long (trunk) lines and zonal, metropolitan, intra-object networks are built. Video surveillance, data collection and transmission with high speed require connection to a single (usually fiber-optic) network in a continuous data exchange mode to work in hard industrial production conditions, at oil facilities, to solve the tasks of the "smart city" system, as well as in numerous special applications. However, in many cases it turns out to be either impossible or economically unprofitable to create wired branches to large terminal consumers of information. Therefore, not all objects have the possibility of direct connection to fiber-optic communication lines. The solution to this problem consists in the development and use of methods for interfacing fiber-optic and wireless communication lines using microwave photonics technologies. In particular, it is possible to transfer the spectrum of the information signal to the carrier frequency in the microwave range using optical heterodyning methods. In this way, it is possible to convert modulated optical signals transmitted through optical fiber into modulated radio signals, bypassing the intermediate stages of demodulation and modulation. This leads to a simplification of the communication channel transmitter and a reduction in the distortion of transmitted information related to additional signal conversions.
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