The advent of satellite altimetry brought a revolution in monitoring sea level height in ocean and offshore areas. Satellite altimetry missions are constantly evolving over time and provide valuable products that assist, among others, in the precise estimation of Mean Sea Level (MSL) and its periodic update. Over the recent years, MSL has seen a rapid rise, mainly due to climate change and the increase of global temperature, which accelerates the melting of onshore snow and ice reserves, along with the thermal expansion of the oceans. Concordantly, several islands and coastal regions face the danger of 'drowning' or flooding. Therefore, Cyprus, being an island in the Southeastern region of the Mediterranean Sea mandates the continuous monitoring of sea level to determine the risk of flooding, especially in coastal zones. This paper presents a first endeavor to estimate MSL in Cyprus using Copernicus Sentinel-3 altimetric data from 2016 to date. The results were validated against MSL observations from the Cyprus national tide gauge network and a discussion on the use of Sentinel- 3 data as an indispensable monitoring tool is carried out.
Molecular alignment and orientation by laser fields has attracted significant attention in recent years, mostly due to new capabilities to manipulate the molecular spatial arrangement. Molecules can now be efficiently prepared for ionization, structural imaging, orbital tomography, and more, enabling, for example, shooting of dynamic molecular movies. Furthermore, molecular alignment and orientation processes give rise to fundamental quantum and classical phenomena like quantum revivals, Anderson localization, and rotational echoes, just to mention a few. We review recent progress on the visualization, coherent control, and applications of the rich dynamics of molecular rotational wave packets driven by laser pulses of various intensities, durations, and polarizations. In particular, we focus on the molecular unidirectional rotation and its visualization, the orientation of chiral molecules, and the three-dimensional orientation of asymmetric-top molecules. Rotational echoes are discussed as an example of nontrivial dynamics and detection of prepared molecular states.
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