This paper concerns the new full color mastering process in order to obtain full color three-dimensional Lippmann holograms with flipping effect. As holographic recording materials, both newly developed red-sensitized silver halide P7000 and photopolymer were appropriated. In this study, the color reproduction and the viewable zone in vertical and horizontal directions of resulting full color Lippmann holograms were examined. The angle dependence of the reproduced colors of the holograms with both the new H1H2 mastering method and the previously reported modified Denisyuk mastering method were evaluated. The holograms using the new method showed better color reproduction and were brighter than the holograms using the modified Denisyuk method. To combine above mastering technology with mass-production technology and layer structure technology, we have succeeded in the mass-production of full color holograms with flipping effect.
A newly developed silver halide material, KONIKA MINOLTA OPTO P7000, was examined its holographic characteristics. The commercially available material, KONIKA P5600, is blue-green sensitive but the new P7000 shows enough sensitivity to red light for practical use. We recorded holograms with He-Ne laser light on P7000 plates and evaluated the holographic characteristics such as diffraction efficiency and reconstructed wavelength. The results are discussed comparing with those of former Agfa products.
`Everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler'--Albert Einstein. We attempt to follow this dictum and apply it to the process of making holograms. The procedures we propose herein are as simple as it is physically possible. In the process, we have made holography not only as simple as possible, but safer, less expensive, and more accessible to young people.
To make holography accessible to high schools and technical institutions, cost, safety, simplicity, scientific content, and usefulness are primary requirements. Herein we introduce the design and function of a real-time holographic interferometer which is capable of obtaining quantitative results with phase subjects. By introducing a phase compensator in the form of an ordinary plate glass, zeroth order interference is routinely attainable.
Due to the non-steady state nature of film growth by laser MBE, as well as by the conventional pulsed laser deposition (PLD), we could find an advantage of the method for controlling the film growth. The independent optimization of nucleation and growth processes is possible by pulse sequence and laser energy density. Another critical factor for controlling the growth mode was revealed to exist in the surface state of the substrate as the stating point of film growth. We have developed a wet etching method for automatically finishing SrTiO3 substrate surface to facilitate the layer by layer growth of high Tc and other oxide thin films. The sequential deposition of SrO and BaO monolayers on the treated SrTiO3 substrate greatly reduced the nucleation of precipitates in the YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) thin films. Thus, PLD growth of YBCO thin film could be controlled on an atomic scale. Temperature gradient deposition achieved the orientational control of YBCO thin films on (100) and (110) SrTiO3 substrates. Laser MBE successfully produced high quality epitaxial oxide films by 2-dimensional layer by layer manner as well as by step-flow mode, as verified by the sharp RHEED intensity oscillation. This dimension control epitaxy enabled us to fabricate oxide superlattices and quantum wires. With the substrate treatment and buffer layer techniques, together with suitable choice of insulating layer material, we have verified the fabrication of superconducting-insulating-superconducting trilayer which is the prototype for tunneling junctions. A possibility of using (110) oriented YBCO thin films for Josephson THz laser is also discussed.
Ultra-fine-grain silver halide emulsions for true color reflection holograms were prepared in our laboratory. The emulsions with average grain diameters of about 10 nm were spectrally sensitized with various types of cyanine dyes. The absorption spectra of dyed emulsion sols could be observed directly because the sols showed no observable scattering. The photographic and holographic characteristics of our laboratory-made emulsion plates were evaluated and discussed in connection with the results of absorption spectrum measurements of dyed emulsion sols and dye solutions. Each reconstructed reflectance spectrum of the red, green and blue recorded holographic gratings showed a higher than 50% diffraction efficiency. The possibilities that one can prepare the silver halide emulsion plates for true color reflection holograms in his own dark room were pointed out.
Emulsion preparation in users' hands enables modification of the characteristics of recording materials for holography. Ultra-fine-grained silver halide emulsions were prepared in laboratory with two-step three-solution rapid mixing device. Characterization of the laboratory-made emulsion plates was made.
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