Optical imaging techniques that provide free space, label free imaging are powerful tools in obtaining structural and biochemical information in biological samples. To date, most of the optical imaging technologies create images with a specific contrast and require multimodality integration to add additional contrast. In this study, we demonstrate spectroscopic Thermo-elastic Optical Coherence Tomography (TE-OCT) as a potential tool in tissue identification. TE-OCT creates images based on two different forms of contrast: optical reflectance and thermo-elastic deformation. TE-OCT uses short laser pulses to induce thermo-elastic tissue deformation and measures the resulting surface displacement using phase-sensitive OCT. In this work we characterized the relation between thermo-elastic displacement and optical absorption, excitation, fluence and illumination area. The experimental results were validated with a 2-dimensional analytical model. Using spectroscopic TE-OCT, the thermo-elastic spectra of elastic phantoms and tissue components in coronary arteries were extracted. Specific tissue components, particularly lipid, an important biomarker for identifying atherosclerotic lesions, can be identified in the TE-OCT spectral response. As a label-free, free-space, dual-contrast, all-optical imaging technique, spectroscopic TE-OCT holds promise for biomedical research and clinical pathology diagnosis.
Neointima (NI) healing after implantation of drug-eluting coronary stents (DES) is often preclinically evaluated in healthy swine coronary models, which only allow limited conclusions. In this study, DES were implanted in an adult familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) swine model in order to better reproduce the range of NI responses that are seen in humans. Serial OCT imaging was performed before and after stenting, and at 28 days FU. The NI response showed a wide spectrum of strut coverage types. Higher percentages baseline plaque burden resulted in more uncovered struts and heterogeneous patterns of strut coverage, uniquely showing similarities to human responses.
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