Designing and manufacturing of wide-angle optical systems for application in helmet mount displays are considered.
Specific requirements are shown and analyzed, including: minimization of weight and size, achievement of the big field
of vision, convenience of allocation on a helmet and others. Key element of HMD is combiner. Issues of designing
spectral and polarizing combiners are considered. We proposed to use the synthesized volume holograms as a spectral
combiner. Optical and operational properties of holographic optical elements based on volume holograms and
synthesized holograms, were analyzed and compared. Research of color distortions external space at vision through
combiner was carried out. Problems of optimum design of lighting system for LCOS matrixes based on high power LED
are considered as well as issues of synthesis and optimization relay lens. Results of designing, the analysis and testing of
optical systems for HMD are shown.
Now raster surfaces and arrays of microlenses are widely applied to image generation, animation of images, shaping of specific distribution of an optical radiation, including in quality homogenization of a excimer laser radiation, in optical lighting and telecommunication systems, and also system of a safety, coding of an optical information and optical computers.
Technique of modeling diffraction of microstructure of the image and image of extended objects in limits of izoplanatc zone in view of the image both distribution of intensity, and color is considered. For optical systems, forming the image in UV and IR areas of a spectrum, generalized concept pseudo - natural colors is entered. The developed technique is entered into a mode of diffraction analysis of structure of the image in a software WinDEMOS v.1.0.
KEYWORDS: Visualization, Optical design, 3D modeling, Systems modeling, Optical components, Solid modeling, Heads up displays, Human-machine interfaces, 3D displays, Eye
At the moment the majority of the programs of automated account has an opportunity of display of a drawing of optical system with a course of beams as 2-D of sections, and also as 3-D carcass or solid state of model. A following level is reception stereo image of optical system, it is rather important at configuration of complex optical systems (HUD of displays, extraxis telescopes, scanning termovision and etc.) Besides stereo image is the important part of technology virtual prototyping of optical systems, application of which will allow essentially to reduce a way from the project up to realization of real optical system.
The paper deals with principles of construction, theory and fundamental properties of a new class of optical instruments, i.e. 1 and 2 coordinate polypupil systems on the basis of geometry of linear-homogeneous zones inside segmented optical macroelements in the field of sequential multiple reflections from a curvilinear surface. Discussed in the paper are: optical synchrogenerators creating discrete sets of light delays of coherent radiation pulses with fractionary-rational step of change of delay time; hybrid devices of telescopes and objective lenses, built around decentered segments (both solid and mirror ones) of polyscopic cylindrical astigmats; devices for internal scanning by focal matrices of radiation receivers within angular sectors from 5' X 5' to 120 degree(s) X 120 degree(s); and digital control methods by systems of space object light illumination with laser sources in specified spatial angles, discrete and continuous adjustments within scan sectors being made by slight mechanical removal of the scanning element by means of the principles of optical reduction.
A new version of the SCAN program for electro-optical systems design and simulation is presented. SCAN is integrated software package for synthesis, analysis and optimization of scanning electro-optical systems. The theoretical principles, primary possibilities and the current state of the user interface of the SCAN program are discussed. The use of SCAN modules in structure of the real equipment is considered. Integrated software package `SCAN is designed for Commercial', Military and Scientific application.
DEMOS software was developed in 1973 - 1975 for design of optical systems (OS) with conventional and holographic elements. It was constantly improved because of the necessity to solve a wide range of tasks dealing with display systems, lenses, multispectral systems for optical electronic units, and IR systems. A new version of DEMOS III was developed in 1994, and is an integrated dialogue system for simulation and design of a wide range of OS on personal computers compatible with IBM-PC. This article deals with the new possibilities of DEMOS-PC, version 3.
Combination of global optimization technique with 3-D order monochromatic and first order chromatic aberrations theory may be useful to search an initial system for optical design. Multivariant synthesis of an optical system consisting of thin components is discussed on the basis of Slusarev's theory of principal parameters.
Principles are discussed of numerical design and simulation of laser telescopes, using phase conjugation technique for compensation of the distortions, introduced by the primary mirror and some other elements. Described are the approaches to the dimensional and aberrational design, as well as numerical evaluation of the system compensational abilities. Several specific systems, in particular, the beam prototype for the space-based ecology monitoring LIDAR system, illustrate the principles discussed.
This article is devoted to the holographic testing canal of an adaptive optical system. The results of mathematical modeling of interferometric testing of large telescope mirrors and that of the whole telescope system by holographical testing are presented. The problem of correspondence of errors of the primary mirror surface shape, determined during holographical testing, to real deformations of the primary mirror is investigated.
DEMOS software was designed in the middle of 70-th for noncentering systems design. Main possibilities and examples of program 3 version application for design of optical systems (OS) based on 2-D and 3-D media with nonconventional optical elements, such as holographical and integral optical elements, are discussed in this article.
A high resolution all-holographic line scanner for use in diode laser printers has been developed. In this article some aspects and results of the calculation of a scanning device with holographic deflectors based on HOE with variable spatial frequency are discussed.
The results of efforts concerning the creation of a testing system of the wavefront deformations in a telescope optical highway based on use of the holographic optical element (HOE) are presented. Mathematical modeling of the holographic testing scheme and its correlation with telescope performance are made in frames of geometrical and wave optics. The principals of HOE recording on the basis of relief-phase holography combined with ion- chemical processing are carried out. The results of physical modeling of the holographic testing scheme are presented.
The application of the program DEMOS for design and modeling of IR (infrared) optical systems is considered. The principles of the multiconfigurational optimization for IR and multispectral systems design are worded. The analysis of the kinoform elements application for the systems of this group is given. Besides, the methods of the image quality improvement by means of optical system optimization taking into account the surface errors are described. The examples of IR systems design are presented.
The results of efforts concerning the creation of a testing system of the wavefront deformations in the telescope optical highway based on the use of the holographic optical element (HOE) are presented. The paraxial analysis of the HOE recording and the work of the testing canal are given. The solution of the non-determinacy problem of the testing results is described. Mathematical modeling of the holographic testing scheme and its correlation with telescope performance are made in frames of geometrical and wave optics.
The application of the program DEMOS for design and modeling of IR optical systems is considered. The principles of the multiconfigurational optimization for IR and multispectral systems design are worded. The analysis of the kinoform elements (KE) application for the systems of this group is given. Besides, the methods of the image quality improvement by means of optical system optimization taking into account the surface errors are described. The examples of IR systems design are presented.
A new version of the DEMOS program is presented. DEMOS (design, evaluation, and modeling of optical systems) is integrated dialog software for automatic modeling to estimate and design optical systems with conventional and hologram optical elements. The theoretical principles and the current state of the primary possibilities and application principles of the DEMOS program for optical systems design and simulation on computers are discussed.
The preliminary design of optical systems with kinoform element (KE) in the field of second and fourth order wave aberrations is considered taking into account the highest order spherochromatism. The results of balancing of highest-order aberrations are discussed. The choice of the optimum aberration balance is shown. On the basis of this method, the apo-lens F/1.8/300 with KE is designed. The theoretical and experimental characteristics of this lens are presented.
A new version of DEMOS program is presented. DEMOS (design, evaluation, and modeling of optical systems) is an integrated dialog system for modeling, evaluation, and design of optical systems with conventional and hologram optical elements (HOE). Theoretical principles and modern state-of-the-main possibilities and application principles of DEMOS program for optical systems with HOE design on personal computers are discussed.
A near diffraction limited kinoform tele-apochromat-anastigmats was designed for broadband spectral range images. By use of kinoform elements, the apochromatic correction of the aberration is achieved without the load- dispersion glasses or crystals both for infinity and for the finite distance. Design and results of the testing are presented.
In this work the problems of the design of the testing canal of adaptive optical system on the basis of the hologram optical element (HOE) coated on the active element is considered. The paraxial analysis of the HOE recording and the test ing canal working are presented. As wel 1 as the analys is of holographic testing canal working with respect up to the fourth-order wave aberrat ions . On the bas is of this analysis the tolerances for the hologram construction optical parameters are determined. The results of modeling of the aberration being arisen both in the main canal and in the testing one for the various deformations and the displacements of the active surface are presented.
The principles of the design of high-precision diffraction quality
optical systems on the basis of the computer modeling of real optical systems
have been considered.The modeling is performed with the use of the information
about wave front deformations by optical surfaces, components and the system
as a whole.
The application of these methods at different stages of the manufacturing
and an example of the alignment of a multi element lens are also given.
A new class of long focal apochromatic optical systems is described which permits the formation of images in different spectral ranges. The systems are composed of kinoform elements combined with conventional optical elements. The correction of monochromatic and chromatic aberrations is discussed theoretically with respect to their occurrence in long-focal, large-f-number astronomical lenses. Kinoform elements are compared to traditional optical elements, and the synthesis of long focal apochromats is shown to be possible with kinoform elements and typical optics. A discussion of diffraction efficiency and spectral selectivity in kinoform elements shows that acceptable characteristics for these optics can be achieved over a wide spectral range. Kinoform element objectives can be applied to high-resolution refractors, stellar sensors, large-telescope guiders, and collimators. The apochromatic lenses based on kinoform elements weigh 30-40 percent less than traditional lenses and offer high correction of chromatic aberrations, low thermal sensitivity, and a minor augmentation of stray light.
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