Dr. Nakhiah C. Goulbourne Profile

Dr. Nakhiah C. Goulbourne

at Univ of Michigan

SPIE Involvement:

Conference Program Committee | Author | Editor

Publications (19)

Proceedings Article | 27 April 2020 Open Access

Complex functional materials and structures: from synthetic biology to metamaterials to soft robotics (Conference Presentation)

Nakhiah Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 11377, 1137702 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2564540

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Proceedings Article | 27 March 2018 Presentation

Soft embedded micropillar arrays for actuation and sensing (Conference Presentation)

Youngwoo Kim, Alexandra Damley-Strnad, Nakhiah Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 10596, 105960Y (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2300885

KEYWORDS: Liquids, Nanolithography, Dielectrics, Electrodes, Sensors, Fabrication, 3D microstructuring, Solid state electronics, Microelectromechanical systems, Nanotechnology

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Proceedings Article | 27 March 2018 Presentation

Aerodynamic characteristics of soft active membrane wings (Conference Presentation)

Alyssa Skulborstad, Gurmeet Singh, Nakhiah Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 10594, 1059419 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2300973

KEYWORDS: Aerodynamics, Skin, Animal model studies, Motion models, Kinematics, Space operations, Modulation

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Proceedings Article | 10 May 2017 Presentation

Computational simulations of contractile dielectric elastomer composites (Conference Presentation)

Yali Li, Nakhiah Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 10165, 101651D (2017) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2269077

KEYWORDS: 3D modeling, Composites, Dielectrics, Computer simulations, Mechanical sensors, Energy harvesting, Particles, Electroactive polymers, Chemical elements, Finite element methods

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Proceedings Article | 3 April 2013 Paper

The shape memory effect in crosslinked polymers: effects of polymer chemistry and network architecture

Jacob Davidson, Yali Li, N. Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 8689, 86890K (2013) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2011538

KEYWORDS: Polymers, Systems modeling, Shape memory polymers, Glasses, Temperature metrology, Monte Carlo methods, Computer simulations, Polymer chemistry, Network architectures, Electroluminescent displays

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Proceedings Article | 28 April 2011 Paper

On a novel self-regulating shape memory polymer composite

Fei Gao, Seyul Son, Kyungmook Park, David Biggs, Courtney Andrews, Eric Mockensturm, Nakhiah Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 7978, 797816 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.881930

KEYWORDS: Silica, Capillaries, Composites, Glasses, Digital image correlation, Shape memory polymers, Polymers, Microelectromechanical systems, Neodymium, Polyurethane

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Polyurethane shape memory polymers (PU-SMPs) are active materials that can be transformed into complex shapes with the ability to recover their original shape even after undergoing large deformations. Because of their light weight, large recoverability, low cost, and high compliance, SMPs can be potentially employed as actuators, MEMS devices, temperature sensors, and damping elements to name a few. One of the key challenges in implementing SMPs is the response time which is limited by the method of heating and cooling and the material. Unlike shape memory alloys, SMPs can be activated by multiple stimuli including lasers, resistive heating, electric fields, and magnetic fields. While these methods may provide an efficient way of heating the SMP, they rely on the slow process of passive conduction for cooling. In this paper, a self regulating SMP (SR-SMP) composite is introduced, whereby a novel heating and cooling system consisting of embedded silica capillary tubes in the SMP (DiAPLEX® MP4510: SMP Technologies, Inc.) has been developed. The tubes are used to pump hot/cold fluid through the SMP membrane and hence provide a local temperature source. In order to show the effectiveness and efficiency of the mechanism, the thermomechanical response of the SR-SMP is compared experimentally to a SMP with "conventional" i.e. global heating and cooling mechanisms. It is shown that the SR-SMP has a faster thermomechanical response. It has been demonstrated previously that soft SMPs can be controlled by an electric field while in the rubbery phase, thus taking advantage of the Maxwell stress or electrostatic stress effect. Thermomechanical characterization of PU-SMPs is described for different weight percentages of resin (Diphenylmethane-4, 4'-diisocyanate) and hardener (1,4-Butanediol). Varying the percent hardener reduced the effective cross-link density of the polymer and hence the thermomechanical properties. The electromechanical response of pure SMP and SR-SMP is predicted numerically. The numerical computation indicates that the softer SMPs (resin:hardener = 5:4, 8:7, and 9:8) could be used as electroactive polymers.

Proceedings Article | 9 April 2010 Paper

Nonlinear capacitance and electrochemical behavior of ionic liquid-ionic polymer transducers

Jacob Davidson, N. Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 7642, 76421L (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.847813

KEYWORDS: Liquids, Ions, Capacitance, Transducers, Polymers, Electrodes, Diffusion, Actuators, Molecules, Polymeric sensors

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Proceedings Article | 9 April 2010 Paper

Large deformations of reconfigurable active membranes: a finite element model

Seyul Son, N. Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 7642, 76421P (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.847301

KEYWORDS: Finite element methods, Chemical elements, Mathematical modeling, Skin, Dielectrics, Actuators, Ions, Motion models, Complex systems, Data modeling

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In this paper, a finite element model is used to describe the inhomogeneous deformations of dielectric elastomers (DE). In our previous work, inhomogeneous deformations of the DE with simple boundary conditions represented by a system of highly nonlinear coupled differential equations (ordinary and partial) were solved using numerical approaches [1-3]. To solve for the electromechanical response for complex shapes (asymmetric), nonuniform loading, and complex boundary conditions a finite element scheme is required. This paper describes a finite element implementation of the DE material model proposed in our previous work in a commercial FE code (ABAQUS 6.8-1, PAWTUCKET, R.I, USA). The total stress is postulated as the summation of the elastic stress tensor and the Maxwell stress tensor, or more generally the electrostatic stress tensor. The finite element model is verified by analytical solutions and experimental results for planar membrane extensions subject to mechanical loads and an electric field: (i) equibiaxial extension and (ii) generalized biaxial extension. Specifically, the analytical solutions for equibiaxial extension of the DE is obtained by combining a modified large deformation membrane theory that accounts for the electromechanical coupling effect in actuation commonly referred to as the Maxwell stress [4]. A Mooney-Rivlin strain energy function is employed to describe the constitutive stress strain behavior of the DE. For the finite element implementation, the constitutive relationships from our previously proposed mathematical model [4] are implemented into the finite element code. Experimentally, a 250% equibiaxially prestretched DE sample is attached to a rigid joint frame and inhomogeneous deformations of the reconfigurable DE are observed with respect to mechanical loads and an applied electric field. The computational result for the reconfigurable DE is compared with the test result to validate the accuracy and robustness of the finite element model. The active membrane is being investigated to simulate the deformation response of the plagiopatagium of bat wing skins for a micro-aerial vehicle.

Proceedings Article | 6 April 2009 Paper

Pulsatile dielectric elastomer membrane sensors

Seyul Son, N. Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 7287, 72870K (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.816081

KEYWORDS: Arteries, Sensors, Dielectrics, Collagen, Capacitance, Structured optical fibers, Mathematical modeling, Silicon, Mechanics, Transducers

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Proceedings Article | 1 April 2009 Paper

Ion transport in ionic liquid-swollen ionic polymer transducers

Jacob Davidson, N. Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 7289, 72891F (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.816080

KEYWORDS: Ions, Liquids, Electrodes, Transducers, Diffusion, Polymers, Actuators, Nonlinear dynamics, Finite element methods, Chemical elements

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Proceedings Article | 30 March 2009 Paper

Sensor development for in situ detection of concentration polarization and fouling of reverse osmosis membranes

Kahlil Detrich, Nakhiah Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 7292, 72921P (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.816111

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Electrodes, Carbon, Gold, Thin films, Particles, Composites, Polarization, Ions, Polymers

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Proceedings Article | 10 April 2008 Paper

Nonlinear dynamic characteristics of dielectric elastomer membranes

Jason Fox, Nakhiah Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 6927, 69271P (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.776692

KEYWORDS: Dielectrics, Protactinium, LabVIEW, Actuators, Nonlinear dynamics, Sensors, Relays, Switches, MATLAB, Nonlinear optics

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Proceedings Article | 5 April 2007 Paper

An experimental study on the dynamic response of dielectric elastomer membranes

J. Fox, N. Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 6524, 65241Z (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.716824

KEYWORDS: Protactinium, Dielectrics, Electrodes, Actuators, Spherical lenses, Phase shifts, Dielectric elastomer actuators, Carbon, LabVIEW, Intelligence systems

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Proceedings Article | 4 April 2007 Paper

Self-sensing McKibben actuators using dielectric elastomer sensors

N. Goulbourne, S. Son, J. Fox

Proceedings Volume 6524, 652414 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.716274

KEYWORDS: Actuators, Sensors, Dielectrics, Capacitance, Data modeling, Electrodes, Statistical modeling, Protactinium, Bladder, Carbon

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Proceedings Article | 17 March 2006 Paper

Cylindrical dielectric elastomer actuators reinforced with inextensible fibers

Nakhiah Goulbourne

Proceedings Volume 6168, 61680A (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.658897

KEYWORDS: Actuators, Dielectric elastomer actuators, Silicon, Bladder, Dielectrics, Composites, Electrodes, Iris, Intelligence systems, Systems modeling

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Proceedings Article | 6 May 2005 Paper

Quasi-static and dynamic inflation of a dielectric elastomer membrane actuator

Nakhiah Goulbourne, Mary Frecker, Eric Mockensturm

Proceedings Volume 5759, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.600346

KEYWORDS: Dielectric elastomer actuators, Dielectrics, Data modeling, Actuators, Spherical lenses, Protactinium, Blood, Solids, Electroactive polymers, Electrodes

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Proceedings Article | 27 July 2004 Paper

Electro-elastic modeling of a dielectric elastomer diaphragm for a prosthetic blood pump

Nakhiah Goulbourne, Mary Frecker, Eric Mockensturm

Proceedings Volume 5385, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.539818

KEYWORDS: Dielectrics, Protactinium, Blood, Heart, Thermodynamics, Electroactive polymers, Electrodes, Data modeling, Motion models, Systems modeling

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Proceedings Article | 27 July 2004 Paper

Dielectric elastomer laminates for active membrane pump applications

Kimberly Pope, Alyson Tews, Mary Frecker, Eric Mockensturm, Nakhiah Goulbourne, Alan Snyder

Proceedings Volume 5385, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.541297

KEYWORDS: Silicon, Protactinium, Electroactive polymers, Dielectrics, Carbon, Reliability, Electrodes, Lead, Manufacturing, Thin films

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Proceedings Article | 28 July 2003 Paper

Modeling of a dielectric elastomer diaphragm for a prosthetic blood pump

Nakhiah Goulbourne, Mary Frecker, Eric Mockensturm, Alan Snyder

Proceedings Volume 5051, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.484388

KEYWORDS: Dielectrics, Blood, Heart, Actuators, Dielectric elastomer actuators, Capacitors, Electrodes, Electroactive polymers, Instrument modeling, Electromechanical design

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Showing 5 of 19 publications

Proceedings Volume Editor (7)

SPIE Conference Volume | 11 May 2018

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites XII

SPIE Conference Volume | 11 May 2017

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites 2017

SPIE Conference Volume | 6 June 2016

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites 2016

SPIE Conference Volume | 14 May 2015

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites 2015

SPIE Conference Volume | 29 April 2014

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites 2014

Showing 5 of 7 publications

Conference Committee Involvement (33)

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems XIX

17 March 2025 | Vancouver, B.C., Canada

Multifunctional Materials and Structures

17 March 2025 | Vancouver, B.C., Canada

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials XVIII

27 March 2024 | Long Beach, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems XVIII

25 March 2024 | Long Beach, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems XVII

13 March 2023 | Long Beach, California, United States

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials XVII

13 March 2023 | Long Beach, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems XVI

7 March 2022 | Long Beach, California, United States

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials XVI

7 March 2022 | Long Beach, California, United States

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials XV

22 March 2021 | Online Only, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems XV

8 March 2021 | Online Only, California, United States

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials XIV

27 April 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems XIV

27 April 2020 | Online Only, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems XIII

4 March 2019 | Denver, Colorado, United States

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials XIII

4 March 2019 | Denver, Colorado, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems XII

5 March 2018 | Denver, Colorado, United States

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites XII

5 March 2018 | Denver, Colorado, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems XI

26 March 2017 | Portland, Oregon, United States

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites XI

26 March 2017 | Portland, Oregon, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems X

21 March 2016 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites X

21 March 2016 | Las Vegas, Nevada, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems IX

9 March 2015 | San Diego, California, United States

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites IX

9 March 2015 | San Diego, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems VIII

10 March 2014 | San Diego, California, United States

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites VIII

10 March 2014 | San Diego, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems VII

10 March 2013 | San Diego, California, United States

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites VII

10 March 2013 | San Diego, California, United States

Behavior and Mechanics of Multifunctional Materials and Composites VI

12 March 2012 | San Diego, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems VI

12 March 2012 | San Diego, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems V

7 March 2011 | San Diego, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems IV

8 March 2010 | San Diego, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems III

9 March 2009 | San Diego, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems II

10 March 2008 | San Diego, California, United States

Active and Passive Smart Structures and Integrated Systems

19 March 2007 | San Diego, California, United States

Showing 5 of 33 Conference Committees

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