A short theory of the processes of formation of the laser speckle fields polarization structure of biological tissues with optically anisotropic architectonics is presented. A method of polarization interference mapping of speckle fields with layerby-layer phase scanning of holographically reconstructed distributions of complex amplitudes of biological preparations of various morphological structures and physiological states has been proposed and experimentally tested - biopsies of the thyroid gland and blood films of rats with different severity of sepsis. Layer-by-layer maps of polarization ellipticity of native histological sections of thyroid biopsies from donors and sick patients were studied. As part of the statistical analysis of phase coordinate distributions of polarization ellipticity, objective markers for the differential diagnosis of thyroid pathology were found - nodular goiter, autoimmune thyroiditis and papillary cancer. Very good (~90%) and excellent (≥90%) accuracy of differential diagnosis was achieved. Statistical markers for temporal monitoring of septic changes in polarization azimuth maps of polycrystalline blood films of rats were found. An example of further research using laser-induced autofluorescence polarimetry methods is presented.
The paper presents the results of the possibility of a polarization-interference approach to the analysis of microscopic images polycrystalline blood films of patients of benign and malignant prostate tumours with different degrees of differentiation. Measurements and analysis of maps and histograms of the distribution of the local contrast value of polarization-interference distributions of microscopic images of polycrystalline blood films of patients . Determination of the relationship between the statistical moments of the 1st - 4th orders characterizing the distributions of the local contrast value of the polarization-interference distributions of microscopic images of polycrystalline blood films of patients. Determination of statistical criteria for polarization-interference diagnosis of histological sections of biopsy of adenoma and adenocarcinoma with varying degrees of differentiation. Determination of sensitivity, specificity, accuracy of the polarization interferometry method for differential diagnosis of polycrystalline blood films of patients of adenoma and adenocarcinoma with varying degrees of differentiation.
A new digital technique for objective differential diagnosis of the septic process severity was developed and experimentally tested by phase mapping of microscopic images of histological sections of polycrystalline internal organs and blood films of laboratory rats. the results of statistical analysis of histological sections of the internal organs of rats from control group 1 and research groups 2 to 4 with different severity of septic pathology are presented.
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