The unique properties of Rydberg atom-based sensors allow for intriguing applications. For example, Rydberg atom receivers allow for the detection and receiving of time-varying fields and communication signals without an antenna and front-end electronics.
The use of Rydberg atoms for radio frequency electric field sensing has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional antenna-based designs that enables all-optical readout. However, the need for atomic vapor cells comprised of dielectric materials can adversely affect the electric field distribution at the probing volume. Here we describe the effects of electric field inhomogeneity on measured optical electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra. This is accomplished using custom-designed waveguide-embedded atomic vapor cells with stub tuners that allow control of the degree of electric field inhomogeneity within the cell. We describe the resulting broadening of the measured EIT feature and the associated reduction in magnitude, which results in an overall reduced sensitivity of the resulting measurement.
In this manuscript, we discuss the performance of a recently demonstrated polarization-based truncated SU(1,1) interferometer1 which can potentially generate polarization-entangled twin beams for applications in quantum communications or in quantum metrology as an interferometer with enhanced phase sensitivity. Using the intensity-squeezed twin beams generated via four-wave mixing (FWM) in hot Rubidium vapor, we report the detection of nearly -2 dB of noise reduction below the shot-noise in the joint-quadrature measurements in such interferometer. We also used this setup to confirms the non-classical nature of quantum correlations between the twin beams with an inseparability parameter I = 1:32±0:04 that falls below the classical limit of 2. One of the important advantages of the proposed interferometer is its better rejection of common-mode, technical, and environmental noises due to its intrinsic symmetry, which allows for squeezing and entanglement measurements at wide spectrum of detection frequencies from as low as 200 Hz (limited by 1=f electronic noise) to up to a few MHz (limited by the photodetector gain bandwidth).
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