The development of an assay for the detection of gene mutations has been attempted based on surface-enhanced Raman
scattering (SERS). Using multiplexing property and high sensitivity of SERS technique, the detection of all mutation
possibilities on one given spot is achievable. To test the feasibility of approach, SNPs and other types of mutations such
as insertion and deletion are investigated. The PCR amplified and isolated genomic DNA without PCR amplification is
immobilized on poly-L/D-lysine coated glass surface after denaturing with heating. The SERS probes are prepared by
simultaneous attachment of oligonucleotides complementary to the target mutation regions and Raman active dyes to 13
nm gold nanoparticles (GNPs). After the hybridization of SERS probes on the poly-L/D-lysine surfaces, it was stained
with silver colloidal nanoparticles for further enhancement of Raman scattering. In the second approach, Raman active
dyes are chemically attached on gold nanoparticles and a thin layer of silver film is deposited on top of it to prepare core-shell
nanoparticles. The complementary oligonucleotides to the target regions of the gene are chemically attached to
silver surfaces of the nanoparticles. The promising results indicate that it is possible to detect certain mutation types
without PCR amplification using the approach.
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