We report on composite hybrid plasmonic waveguides (CHPW) which shows, record experimental attributes such as normalized Purcell factor approaching 10^4, 10-dB amplitude modulation with <1 dB insertion loss and fJ-level switching energy, and photodetection sensitivity and internal quantum efficiency of -54 dBm and 6.4 % respectively. These devices involve amorphous-based, CHPWs, with no crystalline material. The ability to support multiple optoelectronic phenomena while providing performance gains over existing plasmonic as well as dielectric counterparts offers a clear path towards reconfigurable, monolithic plasmonic circuits.
We propose a novel hybrid ridge-plasmonic waveguide Faraday rotator for high-speed polarization manipulation in nanoplasmonic circuitry. Our design, based on bismuth-substituted yttrium iron garnet (Bi:YIG), provides a unique geometrical mechanism of phase matching both the plasmonic TM and photonic TE waveguide modes, and hence facilitates effective mode conversion via the Faraday effect. This structure yields 99.4% mode conversion within 830 μm, which is easily attainable within the long (>1mm) propagation lengths of the two supported modes. Furthermore, our simulations show that the application of magnetic field transients can alter the magnetization of the Bi:YIG to actively switch the polarization state, or produce a polarization oscillator at frequencies up to 10GHz. This structure is envisioned to play a fundamental role in future integrated nanoplasmonic networks.
A novel approach that enables long range hybrid plasmonic modes to be supported in asymmetric structures will be discussed. Examining the modal behavior of an asymmetric hybrid plasmonic waveguide (AHPW) reveals that field symmetry on either side of the metal is the only necessary condition for plasmonic structures to support long range propagation. In this talk we shall demonstrate that this field symmetry condition can be satisfied irrespective of asymmetry in waveguide structure, material, or even field profile. The versatility in the choice of parameters allows for long range hybrid plasmonic modes to be achieved in generic structures. Altering the existing limitations of these performance metrics (mode area and propagation losses) can have significant implications on the designs of active devices. As illustrative example, the utility of these waveguide designs is demonstrated when combined with novel material such as ITO to realize optoelectronic components such as filters, modulators and switches with record footprint, performance and insertion losses.
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