The average output power of fiber laser oscillators can stabilize in very high levels reaching kW within the recent years. However, a further scaling is limited due to some nonlinear effects, one of which is simulated Raman scattering (SRS). Here we propose a CO2 laser pulse inscribed transmission long period fiber grating (LPFG) in large mode area (LMA) fiber and employ it within a fiber laser oscillator to mitigate SRS. The wavelength of LPFG is designed to match the peak of SRS gain spectrum. By inserting the LPFG before the output coupling FBG (OC-FBG) of the oscillator, an efficient mitigation of SRS is observed. LPFGs represent a highly cost-effective fiber structure with potential for SRS suppession in high power fiber laser systems.
We demonstrate here a method for the online temperature measurement of the output-coupling fiber Bragg grating (FBG) in a high power fiber oscillator by a superimposed FBG, which is used as the output-coupling FBG and the temperature monitor simultaneously. The experimental results verify the feasibility of this method.
We measured the temperature of a single point using a uniform fiber Bragg grating (FBG) for the first time. A quasi- Gaussian temperature distribution pattern was achieved by heating at the midpoint of FBG, then the spectral characteristics, mainly including the central wavelength and amplitude of the resonance peaks were investigated in detail. Results show that the attenuation of each peaks accords well with the theoretical predictions, so the temperature of midpoint can be demodulated by the analysis of transmission spectra.
High power fiber laser is of importance for a wide range of scientific and industrial processes but the transmission distance is till restricted because of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS). We research here on the mitigation of the SRS in highpower fiber laser systems by long period fiber gratings (LPFGs) for longer laser delivery distance. A broadband and high attenuation LPFG is carefully designed and fabricated by a CO2 based inscription system. It has been proven effective in extending delivery distance due to its filtering effect of Raman signal.
In this paper, we propose and demonstrate a novel method for the suppression of SBS in optical fibers using a tilted fiber Bragg grating (TFBG). We designed and fabricated a matched TFBG by using an excimer laser and phase mask in single mode fibers according to the operating wavelength of the fiber laser and the tiny frequency shift of SBS. Experimental results demonstrate that TFBGs can suppress the backward-propagating Stokes light caused by SBS to protect the whole system and improve the stable output power, which is very useful for power scaling of high-power narrow-bandwidth all-fiber laser in the future.
On-line measurement of fiber core-temperature is very important for the investigations of high-power fiber lasers. Using thermal infrared imager is currently the most common approach to detect the temperature of fiber, even though it only monitor the surface temperature. So the measurement result is greatly different from the actual temperature of fiber core. Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) have been widely used in detecting many physical quantities, such as strain, temperature, compression strength and curvature due to its intrinsic advantages, including simple manufacture technology, low insertion loss. Here, a new method based on FBG for measuring the temperature of fiber core is presented and experimentally demonstrated. We use a mutiple inscription method that inscribe a low reflectivity FBG on the high reflectivity chirp grating location as a fiber core temperature on-line monitor. Due to the resonant wavelength of chirp grating (1080nm) is far away from FBG’s resonance peak (1550nm), it means that the presence of FBG will not impact the performance of the chirp grating. Alongside this composite optical fiber structure is applied to fiber oscillator we inject a amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) light with the wavelength range near 1550 nm from the signal fiber of (2+1)*1 combiner. And then, the reflection spectrum of FBG can be record from the port 2 of circulator. The temperature of chirp grating and low reflectivity FBG can be measure by recording the shift of FBG’s resonance peak after the lineal relation between resonance wavelength and temperature are cofirmed. In order to detect the accuracy of this new structure, we also use Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometer (OFDR) to measure the temperature of the chirp grating. Experiment results prove the high accuracy of proposed temperature monitor. It is strongly believed that the novel proposed structure can be used to achieve measurement of fiber core temperature in high-power fiber lasers. This work also provides a novel idea for manufacturing multi-functional composite fiber structure.
We have demonstrated here, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time the suppression of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in a monolithic fiber laser oscillator using chirped and tilted fiber Bragg gratings (CTFBGs). We designed and inscribed CTFBGs in large-mode-area (LMA) fibers according to the operating wavelength of the fiber laser oscillator. A maximum suppression ratio nearly 19 dB or 23 dB is achieved CTFBG insert before the OC grating or after the HR grating. By reducing the insertion loss and improving the transmission spectrum of the CTFBG, a promotion in laser efficiency could be achieved. This work provides a novel idea for SRS suppression in a high-power all-fiber oscillator system, which is very useful for the output power increasing of fiber oscillators.
We have demonstrated here, to the best of our knowledge, for the first time the suppression of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in a monolithic fiber laser oscillator using chirped and tilted fiber Bragg gratings (CTFBGs). We designed and inscribed CTFBGs in large-mode-area (LMA) fibers according to the operating wavelength of the fiber laser oscillator. A maximum suppression ratio nearly 19 dB or 23 dB is achieved CTFBG insert before the OC grating or after the HR grating. By reducing the insertion loss and improving the transmission spectrum of the CTFBG, a promotion in laser efficiency could be achieved. This work provides a novel idea for SRS suppression in a high-power all-fiber oscillator system, which is very useful for the output power increasing of fiber oscillators.
Long period fiber grating is a kind of transmission type optical fiber grating. Due to the advantages such as low insertion loss, wide bandwidth, low-level reflection, high sensitivity, low cost and ease of compactness, LPFGs have been widely applied in optical fiber sensing and optical fiber communication. The Mode coupling of LPFG is the coupling between the fiber core mode and the cladding mode in the same transmission direction. If the ordinary LPFG is combined with bitaper or taper, we can effectively change the original LPFG's transmission spectrum to obtain the composite LPFG, which can stimulate new resonant peaks in the original wavelength-dependent transmission loss of the grating basis, thus applying to the dual-parameter simultaneously measuring field. We report a novel all-fiber narrow-bandwidth intermodal Mach– Zehnder interferometer (MZI) based on a long-period fiber grating (LPFG) combined with a fiber bitaper. The LPFG is written by high-frequency CO2 laser pulses, and the bitaper is connected in series with the LPFG, forming the Mach– Zehnder interferometer (MZI). Experimental results indicate that the MZI has good temperature sensitivity, The temperature sensitivity of the two loss peaks are 55.35pm/°C and 48.18pm/°C respectively. The strain sensitivity of the two loss peaks are 3.35pm/με and -4.925pm/με respectively. By using the different temperature and strain response characteristics of the loss peaks, the temperature and strain measurement can be realized simultaneously. the proposed device has good repeatability and stability, which would be a promising candidate for precise dual-parameter sensing application.
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