In recent years, multi-spectral data have been widely used to prospect the source rock or source region of porphyry copper deposits. In this paper, we present a system to extract the information of alteration mineral from multi-spectral data. The system is developed with the Visual C# 2010 and IDL8.0 platform, and is able to process the ASTER multi-spectral data which is a new multiband file after layer stacking. Based on the principal component analysis, the ASTER data is processed automatically in this system. The result shows two components, the classified information of argillic- and phyllic-altered mineral assemblage and propylitization mineral assemblage. Compared with the traditional processes, the system not only lowers the threshold of the application of remote sensing technology, but also improves the work efficiency significantly.
The study area is located in the middle section of Andean metallogenic zone. Excellent mineralization geological
conditions make it the most principal Porphyry Copper Deposits (PCDs) distribution area in southern Peru and there are
several super-large PCDs for hundreds of kilometers in every direction. The regional metallogenic regularity of this area
is controlled by the NNW fault parallel to the trench on the west of the South American continent. Small porphyry rocks
are very common in this area (circular structure pattern in remote sensing image) with typical zoned alteration of PCD -
potassic alteration, argillic alteration, phyllic alteration and propylitization (most exposed) from inside to the outside on
the surface. These geologic features can be recognized and extracted by using remote sensing image data. Accordingly,
the reflectivity curve of main altered minerals of the typical alteration zones of PCD was rebuilt which was corresponded
to B1-B9 of ASTER satellite data, based on the altered mineral assemblages and their spectral characteristics of the
typical alteration zones of PCD, and ASTER data’s ability of identifying minerals with argillic alteration and carbonatite
alteration. Based on the standard spectral data of USGS, We found that the information of argillic-and phyllic- altered
minerals assemblages in the typical alteration zones can be extracted in the principal components analysis pattern based
on ASTER B1467 while the information of propylitization altered minerals in the principal components analysis pattern
based on ASTER B1348 with larger reflectivity of B9 than B8, after comparing and analyzing comprehensively the
spectral curve characteristics of main altered minerals. In this method, altered minerals assemblages of argillic-and
phyllic- altered zone and propylitization altered zone in this study area was extracted, and the results agree well with the
distribution of known PCD. Meanwhile, remote sensing geological interpretation has been carried out by using
man-machine interactive remote sensing interpretation technology, and then in connection with the metallogenic
geological characteristics, the mine indicating information such as ore-controlling structure, source rocks and ore-hosted
rocks of PCD were achieved in the study area. Finally, a comprehensive assessment for mineral exploration by remote
sensing in the study area is accomplished and five favorable area for mineral exploration by remote sensing is delineated,
based on the remote sensing mine-indicating information such as linear and circular-shaped ore-controlling structures,
source rocks and ore-hosted rocks, argillic-and phyllic- altered and propylitization altered minerals assemblages.
Hyperspectral remote sensing is a very useful technology for the applications of land and
resources area. Although its advantages have already been demonstrated by some applications
based on limited data, the data source is still an obvious "bottleneck" for the development of
hyperspectral remote sensing applications. The Ministry of Land and Resources of China hence
decides to develop a hyperspectral satellite to solve this problem.
This paper introduces the designing and construction of the ground hyperspectral data processing
system for this satellite including its framework designing, its prototype system development, as
well as two geological applications. Mineral mapping and oil and gas detection applications
based on the prototype system have both demonstrated the validity and efficiency of the whole
system. Mineral mapping application based on simulated space-borne hyperspectral data with
different sensor parameters can also provide suggestions for the configuration of sensor
parameters.
The advanced digital image processing technique was used in the high resolution remote sensing images processing, aero
photos before landslide happened and the Quick Bird image after landslide were processed. The technique of digital
landslide, 3D visualization and man-machine interactive interpretation were used to analyze the geomorphologic features
of remote sensing images. From the characteristic of the deposit, it is deduced that the paleo-landslide was a deep and
consequent rock landslide with large-scale deposit, the entire deposit of "7.13" landslide is similar to the paleo-landslide,
and the displaced volume is 15×106m3. Based on the geology theory, this paper synthetically compared the effect of
landslide between the rainfall and the water level rising. It is concluded that the main inducing factors is the first stage
storage of the Three Gorges and the continuous rainfall is triggering factor. Synthetically analyzing the process of slide
and the characteristic of deposit, it is deduced that the middle and front part of Qianjiangping landslide is push-type
sliding while the back part is drag sliding, the pattern of deformation and destruction is front verge leading sliding-drag.
Underground coal-bed spontaneous combustion is a dynamic process with complex physical, chemical and
environmental interaction. The anomalous information on remote sensing spatial, spectral and thermal indexes is very
meaningful for detecting underground coal fires and assessing its effects on environment. This paper, based on a series of
advanced technical datum in Wu Da coalfield areas located in Inner-Mongolia, such as ground spectral testing, thermal
infrared multispectral indexes, and high-spatial resolution images, analyzes the correlation between the underground
coal-bed burning conditions and the remote sensing information. Besides, it provides a further discussion on the
application potential for quantitative feature extraction of underground coal fire.
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