Continuous monitoring of electromagnetic radiation of natural origin in VLF range (3-30 kHz) allowed us to collect a long-term data base of thunderstorm activity in Kamchatka peninsula. The collected data base also includes lightning cells determined by «dirty thunderstorms» generated during volcanic explosive eruptions. The earlier analysis showed that two-stage scenario of development is typical for all «dirty thunderstorms». The first stage is accompanied by eruptive column formation and depends on eruption power and ash cloud height. The second stage, depending on eruption power and on eruptive cloud interaction during its propagation with meteorological clouds, is associated with eruptive cloud formation and propagation. The paper shows the mechanism of gas formation in eruptive clouds. It explains the sequence of two stages.
For registration of electric field strength of the atmosphere (EZ EPA) on the peninsula of Kamchatka in points Kluchi (KLYG) and Kozyrevsk (KZYG) electrostatic flux meters of land basing operate. Thanks to wind stratification the eruptivny clouds from strong explosive volcanic eruptions on 16.12.2016 and 14.06.2017 have passed Shiveluch over these points, and we found a call on the records EZ EPA. Considerable signal amplitude >1.0 kV/m allowed to select surely it against the background of noises caused by the variations of meteorological values. During forming of an eruptivny cloud from eruption of 14.06.2017 within 13 minutes the flow of electromagnetic impulses from discharges ("a volcanic lightning") was registered. The studying by remote methods of electrostatic electricity in the eruptive clouds is the perspective direction for obtaining information on development the eruptive clouds and processes of their electrization.
The informational value of atmospheric-electric effects for the monitoring of explosive volcanic eruptions of Kamchatka peninsula is shown and the plans to extend the registration sites are presented.
In the region of the Northern group of volcanoes in Kamchatka peninsula, a distributed network is being planned to monitor the VLF range electromagnetic radiation and to locate the lightning strokes. It will allow the researchers to register weaker electromagnetic pulses from lightning strokes in comparison to the World Wide Lightning Location Network. The hardware-software complex of the network under construction is presented. The capabilities of the available and the developing hardware and software to investigate natural phenomena associated with lightning activity are described.
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