S. V. Andreev, V. S. Belolipetski, S. R. Ivanova, T. P. Kulechenkova, G. P. Levina, V. A. Makushina, M. A. Monastyrskiy, N. D. Polykarkina, M. Ya. Schelev, Z. M. Semichastnova, V. E. Sokolov
The paper reports on the development of a new streak image tube with accelerating mesh and large (18 mm)
photocathode work area. The tube's temporal resolution is close to one picosecond. To govern photoelectronic images
the tube possesses shutter and deflector plates. Its geometric design allows uniform spatial resolution (more than 25
lp/mm) along the entire photocathode work area at 1.3 electron-optical magnification and negligibly small distortion.
Being a continuation of the well-known PV and PIF - type streak image tubes developed in due time in GPI, the tube
represents a promising tool for taking pictures of ultrafast processes in wide radiation spectrum range.
In the present communication we describe the design of the sub-100 fs streak-tube that may be used for commercial
streak cameras manufacturing. Careful attention is paid to preparing of a very smooth input photocathode substrate on
which a low surface resistance (1-5 Ohm/) photocathode of S-1 type is deposited. Our estimations have shown that the
photocathode surface roughness of about tens of nanometers may restrict the ultimate time resolution at the level of 100
fs. This is the reason why the photocathode substrate surface has to be smooth within the units of nanometers. The
curvature of the photocathode surface is also very important to compensate the difference in the time-of-flight of
electrons emitted from the central and peripheral photocathode areas. Further modernization was conducted with a
photocathode-accelerating mesh assembly. The assembly may operate with 2 - 3 ns (FWHM) electrical pulses of 12 -
15 kV amplitude. In order to improve the S/N ratio in the streaked images, a shuttering system was incorporated inside
the tube. As the result, a completely new femtosecond streak tube of PV-FS-M type was designed, manufactured, and
tested.
N. V. Ageeva, S. V. Andreev, V. S. Belolipetski, G. I. Bryukhnevich, D. E. Greenfield, S. R. Ivanova, A. M. Kaverin, A. N. Khohlova, E. A. Kuz’menko, G. P. Levina, V. A. Makushina, M. A. Monastyrskiy, M. Ya. Schelev, Z. M. Semichastnova, Yu. Serdyuchenko, T. A. Skaballanovich, V. E. Sokolov
In contrast to the conventional image intensifier with large work area, a streak image tube should possess additional
important feature - the comparatively small temporal distortion at the entire work area of the photocathode. With this
additional engineering restriction taken into account, a novel small-size meshless streak image tube has been developed
by means of numerical optimization. The tube with 25-mm wide work area contains a pair of deflection plates to sweep
the electron image along the 25 mm output phosphor screen that is separated by 100 mm from the photocathode. The
electron image can be shuttered with a 300 V blanking electric pulse. Electron-optical magnification of the tube is unit;
spatial resolution reaches 30 lp/mm over the entire photocathode work area; temporal resolution lies in the 20 - 50 ps
range, depending on the accelerating voltage (6 - 15 kV).
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