Nitrogen vacancy (NV) centers in diamond are atom-scale defects with long spin coherence times that can be used to sense magnetic fields with high sensitivity and spatial resolution. Typically, the magnetic field projection at a single point is measured by averaging many sequential measurements with a single NV center, or the magnetic field distribution is reconstructed by taking a spatial average over an ensemble of many NV centers, discarding information. Here we propose and implement a new sensing modality, whereby two or more NV centers are measured simultaneously, and we extract temporal and spatial correlations in their signals that would otherwise be inaccessible. We analytically derive the measurable two-point correlator, and show that optimizing the readout noise is critical for measuring correlations. We experimentally demonstrate that independent control of two NV centers can be used to measure the temporal structure of correlations.
The remarkable precision of optical atomic clocks offers sensitivity to new and exotic physics through tests of relativity, searches for dark matter, gravitational wave detection, and probes for beyond Standard Model particles. We have recently realized a “multiplexed” strontium optical lattice clock consisting of two or more clocks in one vacuum chamber.
In this talk I will explain the motivation, concept, and operating principles of our multiplexed optical lattice clock. I will then present recent experimental results in which we performed a novel, blinded, precision test of the gravitational redshift with an array of 5 evenly-spaced atomic ensembles spanning a total height difference of 1 cm. I will present the error budget produced from our systematic evaluation, and the recently unblinded results of our first test.Finally, I will discuss the outlook for future searches for new physics with our apparatus, including a novel direct test of the Einstein Equivalence Principle.
Optical lattice clocks (OLCs) are now the most stable and accurate timekeepers in the world, with fractional uncertainties equivalent to neither losing nor gaining a second over the entire age of the universe. This unprecedented level of metrological precision offers sensitivity to new physical phenomena, opening the door to exciting and unusual applications. I will give a brief overview of emerging applications of OLCs, including gravitational wave detection, tests of general relativity, and searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. I will discuss the concept and basic operating principles of the multiplexed OLC we have constructed. Finally, I will present recent experimental progress we have made towards measuring the gravitational redshift at the centimeter scale using the multiplexed OLC.
We will present plans for a multiplexed optical lattice clock, and will discuss progress made towards its completion. This apparatus will allow for independent loading, preparation, and interrogation of two ensembles of strontium atoms in spatially separated, movable optical lattices. Simultaneous differential measurements of the two ensembles will offer common mode noise rejection of shared environmental perturbations and clock laser noise. We will propose new tests of relativity and methods for evaluating clock systematics using differential measurements, and discuss applications of a multiplexed optical lattice clock to gravitational wave detection and searches for beyond standard model physics.
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