In this paper, different fiber structures and their applications are introduced, such as terahertz solid-core dielectric fiber, terahertz hollow dielectric fiber and terahertz porous core fiber. Terahertz fiber is a kind of waveguide made of polymer materials in terahertz radiation band. Metal fibers in terahertz radiation band are mostly proposed by scaling the size of metal fiber structures in microwave and radio radiation bands. In metal fiber devices, high-frequency radiation waves such as visible light dissipate quickly, but terahertz radiation waves do not. They can still conduct in metal fibers. According to the different fiber structures, terahertz metal fibers include terahertz metal wire fibers, terahertz metal hollow fibers and terahertz metal planar fibers. With the rapid development of terahertz fiber technology, the application of terahertz fiber devices are more and more extensive. The application of terahertz fiber in coupler, absorber and refractive index sensor has also become the focus of science research and discussion.
Most of irradiation resistant fibers are designed to contain pure quartz fiber core to ensure good irradiation resistant performance. However, multimode (MM) fiber containing pure quartz core owns lower bandwidth because of the step index (SI) distribution. Thereby the application of it will be limited though the irradiation resistance is fine attributing to pure quartz core. To combine better irradiation resistance and higher bandwidth, a novel irradiation resistant and high bandwidth MM fiber (RMM-fiber) being of special waveguide was designed and experimental investigated via testing attenuation, bandwidth and mechanical strength before and after 60Co radiation (up to 25 Mrad(Si), 10 Mrad(Si)/s). It is indicated that the RMM-fiber owns lower irradiation induced attenuation comparing with normal MM fiber, and the bandwidth after irradiation is 403.1 MHz km @1300 nm that is much higher than SI type MM fiber. The RMM-fiber shows no reduction but a little rising on mechanical strength. Additionally, it has outstanding environmental suitability in -100°C~+125°C temperature cycling test.
Polarization maintenance fiber with high birefringence is an important goal for the development of high power fiber lasers. There are different ways to achieve high birefringence, such as change shape of a fiber’s core and apply stress to a fiber’s core. In this paper, fibers with different ovality of elliptical core are fabricated and tested. On the other hand, stress type PM fibers are also made, including PANDA type fibers and bowtie type fibers. Their test results are compared and analyzed together with their structures. Generally, the bowtie type fibers has highest birefringence, while the PANDA fibers are with high birefringence and high production efficiency. Different application can choose different type of PM Laser fibers.
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