Mr. Stefan Gmehling Profile

Stefan Gmehling

at Friedrich-Alexander-Univ Erlangen-Nürnberg

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Proceedings Article | 12 September 2021 Presentation + Paper

Close range ISAR imaging with target velocity determination for security screening applications

Konstantin Root, Ingrid Ullmann, Stefan Gmehling, Martin Vossiek

Proceedings Volume 11868, 118680M (2021) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2602072

KEYWORDS: Radar, Antennas, Velocity measurements, Synthetic aperture radar, Image resolution, Scanners, Radar imaging, Imaging arrays

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State-of-the-art personnel screening systems reconstruct images by using multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radars, which require a large number of transmit and receive channels along a two-dimensional array. We propose a novel concept for security screening which does not require the person to stand still and only employs a one- dimensional array: Our approach is built on the use of inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging based on a vertical line array. This means that the moving person inversely samples a synthetic aperture along the horizontal dimension. In order to reconstruct an image by the ISAR principle, the test subject's velocity relative to the radar aperture needs to be known. Therefore, we employ an additional radar module which measures the person's velocity, assuming that the person is moving parallel to the aperture plane. Experiments with a mannequin carrying threat objects were performed. The mannequin was moved on a traversing rail with 1 m/s and its velocity was estimated by a commercial radar module emitting a chirp sequence signal. The estimation was in very good accordance with the rail's real moving speed. With the determined target velocity an image was reconstructed along the horizontal direction by the ISAR principle. Along the vertical direction, the focusing was performed using a MIMO line array of 45 transmitter and 24 receiver channels with a total height of 60 cm. That way, and by employing broadband signals (70 GHz - 80 GHz), three-dimensional high-resolution images were obtainable. Promising results were obtained from the measurements and different threat objects were made visible.

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