A laser ultrasonic testing system using a confocal Fabry-Perot interferometer and a pulsed Nd:YAG laser is developed for the fatigue test of materials. To stabilize the fringe pattern of the confocal interferometer, an adaptive stabilization fringe control system is developed using two photodiode signals. The closed-loop fringe control system is operated automatically. The optical system is composed of many polarization components, such as a half-wave plate, quarter-wave plates and polarization beam splitters to improve the signal to noise ratio. The laser ultrasonic system carried out performance test. The optical configuration of the interferometer system and the stabilization module are investigated in this paper. The experimental results of the basic experiments are also described.
A robust measuring technique for the wavefront is one of the key parts for a stable adaptive optics system in the practical fields. Also, the measurement resolution of the wavefront is important for improving the performance of an adaptive optics system. In this paper, we propose a robust measuring technique for the wavefront using a Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor for an adaptive optics system. The proposed measuring technique for the wavefront uses an iterative center of mass algorithm with the hierarchical sizes of a searching window and the hierarchical threshold values. The measurement accuracy and stability are investigated using the proposed hierarchical algorithm and compared with the conventional algorithm of the wavefront in the experiments. Also, we describe the hardware configuration of the adatptive optics system operating in our laboratory.
Moire topography method is a well-known non-contacting 3-D measurement method. Recently, the automatic 3-D measurement by moire topography has been required since the method was frequently applied to the engineering and medical fields. 3-D measurement using projection moire topography is very attractive because of its high measuring speed and high sensitivity. In this paper, using two-wavelength methods of projection moire topography was tested to a measuring object with 2π-ambiguity problems. Experimental results prove that the proposed scheme is capable of finding absolute fringe orders, so that the 2π-ambiguity problems can be effectively overcome so as to treat large step discontinuities in measured objects.
A new center position detecting algorithm of the spot image for the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor was developed. The new algorithm is a modified center of weight algorithm, which uses some power of the grey level intensity of the spot images instead of thr grey level intensity itself of the spot images. From experiments, the repeatability and accuracy of the center position detection of the spot images of the Shack-Hartmann wavefrond sensor which used the new algorithm were improved compared with the conventional center position detection algorithm using the center of weight. Applications of the algorithm to measurement of the displacement of the spot images and the Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensor for measuring wavefornt distortion and the experimental results of closed-loop wavefront correction are described in this paper.
This paper describes the results achieved in the development of a chemical oxygen iodine laser (COIL) for industrial applications. The COIL was designed to obtain kW class output power with jet type singlet oxygen generator (SOG). The output power with subsonic flow was 230 W at 15 mmole/sec chlorine flow rate. The real-time holographic interferometer with a digital high-speed camera was applied to the visualization of mixed gas flow in COIL. The visualization of gas flow shows the profile of the variation of refractive index and can be applied to the measurement of the variations in the pressure and the temperature of the gas.
The thermal radiation from a weld pool is focused on an aperture and the transmitted thermal radiation is monitored at two wavelengths with high-speed single-element detectors. Due to the chromatic aberration introduced in the focusing optics, the transmittance curve of thermal radiation varies by the wavelength. Likewise, the detector field of view varies by the wavelength. Owing to this difference in the transmittance and in the field of view, the local variation in a weld pool can be monitored by processing the two spectroscopic signals from two detectors. In this paper, the algorithms to monitor the weld pool size and the focus shift are presented and the performances of weld pool size monitoring and auto-focus control are shown for a pulsed Nd:YAG laser welding. The size variation monitoring has been applied to the weld depth and weld defects monitoring. The effects of laser power change and weld defects on the weld pool size variation are also shown.
The thermal radiation from the weld-pool is measured at two wavelengths through the laser delivery fiber between Nd:YAG laser pulses. The chromatic aberration of delivery optics has been optimized to detect the variation of weld bead width. The design of optics and the signal processing algorithm for optical monitoring is described. Furthermore, the applications of optical monitoring to the detection of power variation and focus shift are shown.
this paper describes the experimental study of shockwave propagation conducted in high-speed real-time holographic interferometry and dual- reference-beam pulsed laser holographic interferometry. In these experiments, three kinds of holographic interferometers were used for visualizing and recording of the propagation of shockwave; a real-time holographic interferometer with high-speed framing camera, a real-time holographic interferometer with high-speed streak camera and a double pulsed ruby laser holographic interferometer with dual-reference-beam module. The holographic fringe patterns obtained from the first two interferometers could be used for qualitative analysis. However, the fringe patterns from the pulsed holographic interferometer could be processed digitally by phase stepping during reconstruction and the processed phase map demonstrated the possibility of quantitative analysis of high-speed flow phenomena.
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