Extracting biometric characteristics using radar requires a detailed understanding of the RF scattering phenomenology
associated with humans. The gross translational Doppler signals associated with walking are well documented in the
literature. The work reported in this paper seeks to understand the micro-Doppler signals generated by human motion
associated with ancillary activities such as breathing, heartbeat, and speech. We will describe procedures for anechoic
chamber and outdoor measurements at UHF and Ku-band of humans engaged in a range of activities, such as lying,
sitting, standing, speaking, and walking. In addition, we will analyze and discuss the various biometric signatures that
we collected.
Measurements were performed by The Army Research Laboratory (ARL) to characterize the statistical and discrete radar
clutter at Ka-Band frequencies associated with urban environments for the purpose of investigating the associated
backscatter physics and to generate statistics of large extended targets. The measurement data will be used to develop
waveform and radar signal processing requirements for Ka-Band radar sensors in urban operational environments. The
peak Radar Cross Section (RCS) statistics for urban clutter data are presented as Probability Distribution Functions and
Cumulative Distribution Functions.
The authors present 94-GHz radiometric brightness temperatures of various clutter materials at nadir. The clutter materials measured include field vegetation, asphalt pavement, and an asphalt shingle roof and data is presented for each clutter type. We also report measurements that quantify the effect of water on the brightness temperature of metal. These measurements were made by adding calibrated quantities of water to a metal plate while recording the plate's millimeter-wave brightness temperature. Off-nadir data out to 45 deg is also presented for the field vegetation and asphalt pavement. Using a simple rough scattering model for the materials, we made estimates of the emissivity of the field vegetation and asphalt. The emissivity of the roof was determined by measuring its brightness temperature as it was heated.
Conference Committee Involvement (11)
Radar Sensor Technology XXIX
13 April 2025 | Orlando, Florida, United States
Radar Sensor Technology XXVIII
22 April 2024 | National Harbor, Maryland, United States
Radar Sensor Technology XXVII
1 May 2023 | Orlando, Florida, United States
Radar Sensor Technology XXVI
4 April 2022 | Orlando, Florida, United States
Radar Sensor Technology XXV
12 April 2021 | Online Only, Florida, United States
Radar Sensor Technology XXIV
27 April 2020 | Online Only, California, United States
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