Mr. Tim Bruchman Profile

Tim Bruchman

Business Development Manager at Teledyne

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Proceedings Article | 1 July 1990 Paper

Charge-coupled devices for quantitative confocal microscopy of the eye

Barry Masters, Tim Bruchman, Guoqing Xiao, Gordon Kino

Proceedings Volume 1242, (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.19435

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Confocal microscopy, Microscopes, Sensors, Cornea, CCD image sensors, Cameras, Eye, CCD cameras, Image resolution

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The use of charge-coupled devices (CCD) for quantitative microscopy has advantages over standard video detectors. For quantitative imaging in the life sciences the use of CCDs have the following advantages: it is a quantitative photodetector, with a large dynamic range and high quantum efficiency. The advantage of a large dynamic range of the order 16,000:1 (14-bits) is important in confoca]. microscopy where there are regions of extremely low light intensity and regions with high intensity. The linear factor of the dynamic range is important for quantitation of the images. Another important property for biological imaging is sensitivity. The use of back- illuminated, UV enhanced coatings, thinned CCD devices, with anti-reflection coatings all result in higher quantum efficiencies. Slow scan devices can be used in a special mode to capture an image in less than a video frame, however, they are most useful as linear integrating light detectors. In order to demonstrate some of the useful properties of CCD detectors, we have used a CCD detection system to image low light level signals from living transparent biological material. A CCD camera was coupled to a confoca]. microscope and images were collected in reflected light. The samples included the cornea, and the in situ ocular lens. The quality of the images is demonstrated over a wide range of light levels. The images of the eye at submicron resolution clearly demonstrate the advantages of using a solid state charge-coupled device detector for quantitative confocal reflected light microscopy of thick, transparent ocular tissue.

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