KEYWORDS: Satellites, Microwave radiation, Data modeling, Data processing, Temperature metrology, Statistical analysis, Mathematical modeling, Environmental sensing, Visualization, Visual process modeling
The paper briefly describes the physical foundations of water and ice characteristics according to microwave data. A review of the work is presented where, based on model calculations and experimental measurements, the emissivity of the ice cover in the microwave range is described, the questions of the development of models for sea ice with strong and moderate absorption and porous structures, the features of the radiation indices of young ice, ice with low salinity and pack ice. Specific examples of the classification of phenomena on the water surface and ice cover are given. The program modules included in the system were used to process data from radiophysical experiments with the Kosmos- 1500 satellite for the Arctic regions. The statistical characteristics of the "spotting" of the radio brightness temperatures, obtained for the most informative thresholds, are analyzed. It is asserted that these characteristics can be used in the detection of abnormal phenomena on the water surface and ice cover.
We analyze here the intercorrelation between natural microwave radiation of the ocean-atmosphere system and its
boundary heat and dynamic interaction and describe some approaches to an analysis of heat and dynamic processes in the
ocean-atmosphere interface with satellite passive radiometric observations at microwaves. The feasibility of determining
synoptic, seasonal and year-to-year variations of sensible, latent heat and momentum fluxes to a useful accuracy using
the DMSP SSM/I data directly from the measured brightness temperatures is examined. The main results have been
obtained by combining the data of the vessel experiments NEWFOUEX-88, ATLANTEX-90 and the data of microwave
radiometric measurements from the meteorological satellites of the DMSP series. Especial part of our study is the
elaboration of technologies for diagnosis of tropical hurricanes beginning in the oceans with the remote sensing methods.
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