Noise radars use random or pseudo-random signals to illuminate a target and coherent detection techniques in order to process received noise signals. In the range of microwave frequencies the simple analogue systems of the correlative detector may be used. It helps to overcome the fact that the real digital implementation of the autocorrelation function for these frequencies is very difficult. A correlator receiver is a typical element of the noise radar. The important issue is that coherent reception needs delay lines of constant or variable parameters to be applied in the receiving systems. To address this issue the paper comprises comparison of available technologies of microwave analogue delay lines. The advantages and disadvantages of presented solutions are presented. The paper comprises: the types of basic delay unit technologies, tunable and controlled-delay lines.
The solution of the boundary value problem of electromagnetic wave transmission through an anisotropic layered structure placed in a rectangular waveguide is presented. The main axes of the crystallographic system of the layers are oriented parallel to the edges of the waveguide. For transmission through a single slab, the resulting scattering matrix elements S11 and S21 are transformed to the form known from the Nicolson-Ross-Weir model. This gives the possibility of using this model to retrieve complex material parameters (components of the permittivity and permeability tensors).
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