Single-photon imaging technique is a new type of light detection and ranging (LIDAR) technology used for weak signal detection which has a high sensitivity up to single-photon energy level. It has a broad prospect of application in the field of underwater imaging. Range-gated technique has been proved to be effective in reducing the backscattering noise and improving the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) during the data acquisition stage. The range-gated synchronous control system is a key component of the underwater single-photon imaging system. At present, most range-gated synchronous control systems have the defects of low stepping regulation precision and narrow dynamic regulating range. This paper designs a novel range-gated synchronous control system which has both a wide dynamic regulating range and a high stepping regulation precision of gating distance. It is composed of a coarse regulation part and a fine regulation part which are both based on the field programmable gate array (FPGA). The simulation results show that the dynamic range of the system’s gated distance can meet the requirement of imaging as far as 7km, and the stepping regulation precision can reach as high as 39ps, with the gate width adjustable. The system designed in this paper guarantees a high SNR data acquisition and has a strong adaptability under various distance scenarios along with extra advantages of lower cost, smaller volume and lighter weight. These features will make a great improvement in the crypticity and portability of the whole underwater singlephoton imaging system.
Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging is an emerging technique, which can observe objects obscured by occluders. Thanks to the improvement of optical configurations, it is receiving growing interest from researchers. In this paper, we reconstruct both 2D and 3D images by adopting the light-cone transform and validated on simulated data. Numerical results are evaluated by structural similarity index (SSIM). The results showed the good performance of the algorithm in preserving the details of 2D image and reconstruction of 3D image. The structural similarity index of the reconstructed image and the reference image is more than 50%, the target is hence being identified. This work contributes to the construction of the real system.
KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Single photon, Interference (communication), Signal detection, Reflectivity, 3D image processing, Sensors, Photon counting, Avalanche photodiodes, Digital filtering
In this paper, based on the principle that signals only occurs on a few time-bins (timing accuracy of a modern TCSPC module) due to short period illumination and the noise which is almost a constant for all bins, we designed an algorithm for denoising by using signals from multiple detectors and further improving the performance by adopting signal processing technique (e.g. median filtering). To exploit the information from the histograms efficiently, it is necessary to choose the gating width in an appropriate range, so that a well-placed window is large enough to capture most of signals, but without accepting too many noise. Whether to accept the signal is determined by weighting signals from multi-detectors within each gate width, where only multiple detections are recorded during the period can be accepted, otherwise detection is considered as noise and removed in the final reconstruction. Thus the three-dimensional information (the twodimensional spatial information and the depth information) of the target can be obtained accurately. In the algorithm, the results are evaluated numerically by signal to reconstruction error (SRE). The advantage is learned by comparing with several classic methods, the data used in this paper are derived from a mathematical model which account for Poisson statistics and Lidar equation.
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